【摘要】 目的进一步了解实验性近视眼的特点与性质。方法鸡306只，出生次日分组选用睑缝合、玻璃体腔注射、人工角膜散光等处理．按常规及A超等方法进行眼屈光及球径等多项眼球发育参数的测定及组织病理学检查。结果鸡眼睑缝合因视觉完全被剥夺，可迅速诱发明显的近视屈先（－4．2±－3．4D，最高达－14D），，眼球明显增大（眼轴延长）及广泛的组织病理学改变。实验性角膜散光可致－1．3±－0。9D的近视，眼轴及组织病理改变不明显。睑缝合加用玻璃体腔注射阿托品可降低部分近视屈光度，但不能阻止包括引发近视眼等的病理改变的发生或发展。结论鸡眼睑缝合所致之近视眼类似病理性近视眼，其实质属继发性。角膜散光所致者，近同单纯性近视眼。更多还原

【Abstract】 To identify the character and nature of experimental myopia (EM). Methods Three hundred and six chicks were distributed in three groups. The first one was form-deprived by lid suture (FN);The second one was intravitreally injected of atropine following lid suture (FA);The third one was surgically induced comeal astigmatism by periph-eral comeal incision with compression suture (AST). All refractive state were meassured and eyeball dimensions (anterior/posterior axis, medial/lateral equatorial diameter and superior/ inferior equatorial diameter) were meassured by A-scan ultrasonogray and vernier caliper.Ocular visions were examined on histopathology. Results in the chicks the myopia was clearly established within I week of FD from hatching and was accompanied by serious nega-tive refractive errors. In the lid — sutured FD chicks, the optical examinations revealed that all the sutured eyes were high myopia. The average,value was —4. 24D. The FA chicks also produced — 2. 42D errors on the average,and in the AST chicks, — 1. 33D. The caliper meassure of lid—sutured eyes indicated that axial length was enlongated compared with contralateral eyes. Vitreous chamber depth showed a dramatic enlongation. Histopathology change also occurred. Conclusions Chicks can be used as an ideal experimental myopia model. Lid suture can induce a typical form deprivation myopia fastly. Its essence is a kind of secondary pathological myopia wherease surgically induced comeal astigmatism is analogous to primary myopia in humans. Atropine can partly reduce the degree of form-deprivated myopia, but it can not retard the progression of pathological change in the animal eyes.更多还原