【摘要】 扫描电镜观察表明,破壁前灵芝孢子形态完整,破壁后孢壁结构被破坏,通过透射电镜发现破壁孢子的孢内物质易被释放。观察结果表明,复合力场超微粉碎法的破壁率高,超声波—冻融破壁法的破壁效果也较好,而超声速超微气流粉碎法仅使大部分孢子变形,未破坏其孢壁结构。分析结果表明,破壁孢子粉(破壁率≥95％)的粗蛋白、总糖含量变化不大,但粗脂肪(6.35％)及水溶性多糖(2.18％)含量分别较未破壁的提高了38.95％和20.83％;锌、铜、铬、硒等微量元素的含量变化不大,但锰(20μg/g)和镍(5.2κg/g)的含量明显高于未破壁孢子。此外,包括牛磺酸在内的19种游离氨基酸含量也没有明显变化。更多还原

【Abstract】 The intact and sporoderm-broken spores of log-cultivated Ganoderma lucidum were observed by SEM and TM. The results showed that the sporoderm ultrastructure of the sporoderm-broken spores was destroyed, and their endo-substance was easily to be dispersed or extracted, while the intact spores were complete in micro-morphology. It also showed that the sporoderm-broken effect of the complex force field disintegrating method was perfect and almost no complete spore was observed, and that the effect of the ultrasonic-frozen-melted disintegrating method was also good, while the effect of the supersonic ultramicro air-flow disintegrating method was poor with no sporoderm structure of greater part spores being destroyed. And the analytic results showed that the content of crude protein and total carbohydrate of sporoderm-broken spores changed only a little, but the content of fat(6.35% ) and soluble polysaccharide(2.18%) increased by 38. 95% and 20. 83% resp. compared with that of the intact spores, that the content of the micro-element Zn, Cu, Cr and Se did not change much, but the content of Mn (20μg/g) and Ni (5.2μg/g) was much higher than that of the intact spores. In addition, the content of 18 free amino acids and Taurine did not change significantly too.更多还原