【摘要】 据统计，在国内较大的石油静电事故中，铁路油罐车装油事故占首位，因而对油罐车装油过程中的静电研究显得特别重要。根据静电场基本方程和铁路油罐车静电场边界特征，建立了电场计算模型并采用超松驰迭代法求解。计算结果表明：在油罐车装油过程中油面电位随着液面上升而变化，最高电位出现在１／２～３／４容积处。这一变化趋势与实测数据符合。根据所建模型建立了一整套仿真软件，该软件为安全设计、危险性预测提供了科学的依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the survey of the electrostatic field accidents, railroad tank train accidents take up the first. It is important to study the electrostatic field when loading oil. A calculating model of railroad tank train electrostatic field is built and exceed relax iterative method is used to solve it according to the basic equations of the electrostatic field and the edge characteristics of the railroad tank train. The calculating results show that oil surface electric potential varies with liquid surface raising when loading oil, electric potential reaches to maximization value when volume of railroad tank ranges from 1/2 to 3/4. The change trend matches with test data basically. Emulation software is set up based on calculating model. The software can quickly supply scientific foundation for safe design and danger forecasting.更多还原