【摘要】 目前已在20多种变形虫和70多种鞭毛虫中发现细菌内共生体。大部分细菌内共生体位于宿主细胞质共生泡中，仅少数鞭毛虫的内共生体位于核质中。变形虫-细菌共生系统形成后，共生体影响宿主细胞基因，对其基因缺陷产生互补作用。灰胞藻类鞭毛虫-蓝绿藻共生体系统的研究表明，叶绿体起源于一种原始的共生蓝细菌。锥体亚目鞭毛虫细胞质内普遍含有双心体，该共生体可能是由来自波豆亚目的锥体类鞭毛虫遗传的。作者推测，继续研究鞭毛虫和原校生物共生关系起源的基本阶段，可阐明原生动物的共生系统起源的基本原则，并为真核细胞起源的理论提供进一步的证据；深入研究变形虫-细菌共生系统，可在遗传精细结构和代谢调节的进化方面为真核细胞内共生起源的理论提供分子水平上的证据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study of the host-prokaryotic symbiosis in sarcodines and flagellates is an important part of theexploration of the origin and evolution of eukaryocytes,Until now, bacterial endosymbionts have been found inmore than 20 species of amoebae and 70 species of flagellates. Most of the symbiotic bacteria are sustained insymbiontophoric vacuole of the host’s cytoplasm, whereas the nuclear symbiots are observed in a few flagellate species. The biogenesis of the of symbiontophoric vacuoles is an important aspect of the amoebaebacteria system establishment,also, the symbiont may become essential cellular components of amoebae by supplementing a genetic defect for an amoebae’s house-keeoing gene that is brought about by an action of thesymbiont.themselves.Studies on the endosymbiotic systems of Glaucophyceae-cyanellae have proved that thechloroplast originated from a single ancestral symbiotic cyanobacterium. Trypanosomatids quite often containendosymbiotic diplosomes in their cytoplasm,also, it is deduced that the diplosome have been inherited by trypanosomatids from bodonids.It is supposed that: (1)further study on basic stages of origin of symbiotic relationship between flagellates and prokaryotes may formulate the major principles of the origin of symbiotic systemsof protozoa, and still further,furnish the theoretical evidences of the endosymbiotic orgin of eukaryocytes; (2)profound study on the amoebae-bacteria system will probably produce testimony to the theory of endosymbioticorigin of eukaryocytes at the aspect of the evolution of genetic fine structures and metabolic regulation atmolecular leva.更多还原