【摘要】 给出了计算损率的一般方法，依总损率最小得到了壁面常热流对流换热管的平均优化管径，并进一步考虑粘性系数随温度变化对平均优化管径的影响。依局域最小损率讨论了局域优化管径对温度和粘性系数的依赖关系，从而得到最优的管形。更多还原

【Abstract】 A general approach to calculating exergy destruction rate of viscous fluids flowingin a duct is described. An optimal average diameter for convective heat transfer through a ductsubjected to constant heat flux is obtained by minimizing the total exergy destruction rate. Thedependence of viscosity of liquids on temperature which results in the variation of the optimalaverage diameter is taken into further consideration. A local optimal diameter is also obtained byminimizing the local exergy destruction rate. The dependence of the local optimal diameter ontemperature and viscosity is considered, and therefore the shape of the optimal tube isdetermined.更多还原