【摘要】 调查了太湖稻区 １６３ 份粳稻地方品种和 １６ 份 ６０～９０ 年代的高产粳稻品种的１３ 个主要农艺性状的变异， 对其中有显著差异的 １０ 个性状进行了主成分分析； 由主成分分析中提取的５ 个公因子进行聚类分析， 将 １７９ 份材料划分为５ 组 １３类；依据各类的平均值计算理论产量及其主要农艺性状间的偏相关关系。结果表明：各产量构成要素对产量的贡献依次为：单穗重、每株有效穗数、每穗实粒数、千粒重、结实率、总粒数， 说明超高产品种必须有较高的穗重和适宜的穗数基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 From 163 Japonica local cultivars and 16 high yield commercial Japonica cultivars from 1960s to 1990s at Taihu Lake Region,variations of 13 agronomic character were analyzed,and 12 of which showed differential significance.Factor analysis was carried out on 10 of 12 character,and in which 5 common factors were drawn for cluster analysis that indicated all the cultivars can be divided into 5 groups with 13 types.Each type′s theoretical yield was worked out according to the mean grain yield of cultivars belonging to each category and the data were used in partial correlation analysis.Result showed contribution rates of grain yield components from maximum to minimum to grain yield were as follows:grain yield/panicle,panicles/plant,grains/panicle,1 000 grain weight,spikelet fertility(as measured in percent seed set),spikelets/panicle,which suggested that super high yield cultivar required both higher grain yield/panicle and proper panicles /plant更多还原