【摘要】 密云水库为华北地区最大的水库,供给北京市90%的生活生产用水,但是面临着严重的生态环境问题,主要表现为水土流失严重、化肥农药不正当使用造成水源污染、库区污染严重等。造成环境污染的主要原因有农林产品供需缺口拉大、过度放牧、基础设施建设等导致资源配置紊乱的宏观经济因素;市场失灵、政策失灵和其它原因。为了保护密水云水库这一重要基础设施,国家先后采取了大力造林,营造水库水源涵养林等,取得了比较明显的生态经济效果。为了更好地保护密云水库,改善生态环境,有必要采取重要措施。环境经济政策为一重要手段,政策设计战略指导为双赢政策,政策设计模式采取政府+市场+农户的模式,充分发挥市场、政府和农户的作用。并提出了具体宏观、技术、部门环境经济政策。采用回归模型对提出的政策进行模拟,模拟结果表明水源涵养林的收入和补偿费的高低对水源涵养林投资的影响最大,均超过了10%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Miyun Reservoir is the largest one in the North of China, which supplies more than 90% of water demand of the urban area of Beijing. At present,soil erosion, non-point pollution by misuse of fertilizer cause water pollution.The key reasons which cause environmental economics prob- lems are divided into macro-economic,the failure of market and policy, and other issues.The state has taken serious measures (such as water protection afforestation)to control pollution in the area.Fur- ther environmental economic policy system should be implemented to control pollution, The authors adopted win-win policy option as environmental economic policy design, government+market+ farmers as policy model, and macro-economic, technical and sectional environmental economic pohcies are presented in the paper. Finally, regression model is used to stimulus pohcy system, stimulus result indicates that water protection forest revenues and compensation fee for water protection forests are closely linked with its investment,and both of them exceed 10%.更多还原