【摘要】 １９９４～１９９７年选用原产江苏的４９份白皮地方小麦品种为试验材料，用周转箱保湿法进行抗穗发芽性筛选鉴定，每年保留穗发芽率在５％以下的材料进行复鉴。筛选出１１个抗穗发芽性强而稳定的白皮地方品种，其抗性不仅明显强于国内外抗穗发芽对照品种，而且还强于大面积推广种植的红皮品种“扬麦５号”。剥粒发芽试验结果表明，筛选出的１１个白皮抗穗发芽地方品种中，除“大玉花”为非种子休眠因素所致外，其余１０个品种的抗性都是种子休眠所致。杂种Ｆ１穗上发芽鉴定结果表明，大玉花的抗性为部分显性，“秃头麦（甲）”的抗性呈完全显性。因此，这些抗穗发芽种质具有较好的利用潜力更多还原

【Abstract】 To explore the resistance to preharvest sprouting in 49 white grained land races originated from Jiangsu,their ears were sampled at the 35th day after flowering,moistened and incubated at room temperature(about 25-27℃)for 96 h in 1994-1997.Then the grains were examined whether sprouted or not.Those whose sprouting rate lower than 5% were reexamined in the following years.11 white grained land races showed high and stable resistance to preharvest sprounting.Their sprouting rates were not only significantly lower than white grained check varieties at home and abroad,but also lower than red grained commercial variety“Yangmai 5.” Results of seed germination tests showed that germination percentage of all the resistant land races was positively correlat to the sprouting rate only with the exception of the landrace“Dayuhua”,which indicated that seed dormancy was responsible for resistance to preharvest sprouting in most land races and non seed dominant factor in Dayuhua.Sprouting rates of four F 1 suggested that resistance was partial dominant in Dayuhua and complete dominant in Tutoumai.Therefore,resistance to preharvest sprouting in these white grained land races has a good potential in use for wheat improvement.更多还原