【摘要】 结合前人对北冰洋海冰、气候系统的研究成果和 1 999年 8月在北冰洋对海冰的现场观测 ,本文综述了海冰分布、厚度的变化 ,海冰表面特征、积雪变化及北冰洋天气、气候特征和分区。讨论了北极海冰与南极海冰的差异。文章认为 ,北冰洋与周围地区气候变化趋势的不一致 ,主要是由于夏季在北冰洋海冰与开阔水域的相间分布、海冰漂移、融化吸热 ,均衡了周围大气、海洋温度的变化。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Arctic sea ice distribution, thickness variation, surface characteristics and snow cover variation as well as the climatology and its regional differentiating are discussed according to previous research results and our observation in the Arctic Ocean, August 1999. A comparison of sea ice between Arctic and Antarctic areas is conducted. It can be found that, the climate trend in Arctic Ocean is different from the areas around the ocean. This is mainly due to alternate distribution of ice floes and open water in Arctic Ocean in summer, the drifting, melting and absorbing heat of sea ice, which balance the temperature fluctuation around.更多还原