【摘要】 的 :了解 90 0 0a前的古代人和现代人头颈部活动的特点 ,比较分析颈椎形态与其功能的关系。方法 :采用人体测量手册所载的人类学观测和统计方法 ,用游标卡尺对古代人与现代人各 2 4个环椎和枢椎的横突孔、横突后沟、上、下关节面、齿突凹各项进行了观测。结果 :古代人环椎上、下关节面比现代人面积大 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;横突孔开口向后外上方的现代人 ( 5 2 % )比古代人 ( 4 6% )占比例多 ;齿突后倾位的古代人 ( 5 9.5 % )较现代人 ( 70 % )少。结论 :说明人类头颈部活动范围逐渐加大 ,是由于人类环椎、枢椎进化的结果更多还原

【Abstract】 Aim:To study the movement of head and neck of human beings lived more than 9000 years ago and modern people and analyze the relationship between the appearance and the function of the atlas and axis.Methods: With a slide ruler, observed and measured according to the methods in Human Body Measuring Handbook, we measured superior and inferior articular surface, fovea dentis etc and further compared them with those from modern collapses buried in Henan Province.Results: The results showed that inferior articular surface of ancient atlas was larger than that of modern people( P <0.05), in the fransverse foramen streching out along lateral posteriorly direction the ancient people(46%) was less than that of modern people(52%),and in dentis streching out posteriorly, the ancient people(59.5%) was fewer than that of modern people(70%) .Conclusion: The movement of head and neck of modern people become greater than that of ancient, and there existed a step by step evolution process.更多还原