【摘要】 由于中国降水阵性很强，短历时降水极值就是世界极值，已有的估计１ ｍｉｎ 降雨量极值的气候学模型可能不适合用于中国。在分析大量水文气象资料的基础上，提出了时间风险率确定条件下降雨量极值随降水历时变化的幂律模型，找到了用业务自记资料估计１ｍｉｎ 降雨量极值的方法。进一步建立了３ 类气候学模型。与国外已有模型相比，不仅更适合中国降水气候特征，具有较高精确度，且可反映地区、季节和年际变化，为有关设备的设计和应用提供更多信息。更多还原

【Abstract】 The power law model by which rainfall extremes change with the duration of precipitation for confirmed time risk is established. The method estimating 1-minute rainfall extremes according to operational autographic data is given in the paper. Based on the method three kinds of climatic models of 1 min rainfall extremes to estimate are developed. These models are not only more suitable for the rainfall climatic characteristics of China, but also provide much information for the designs and applications of the relative equipments.更多还原