【摘要】 选择川东三个土壤剖面进行了矿物与有机化探分析， 通过两类指标的空间对比，确定其烃类蚀变的类型、强度和空间分布。利用典型土壤样品分析了烃类蚀变的光谱特征，定量探讨了两类蚀变的遥感机理，结果表明：（１） 与烃类蚀变相关的土壤矿物指标与有机指标在成因上紧密联系，在空间分布上趋于一致；（２） 油区土壤在各波段平均反射率明显低于非油气区土壤且具有高的ＴＭ５／ＴＭ７ ；（３） 含铁的粘土矿物尤其是蒙脱石含量的增加，会造成可见近红外光谱反射率的明显下降；（４） 土壤“褪红”蚀变将造成土壤反射率在０．４ ～０ ．６ μｍ 之间升高，而且油区土壤具有较高的ＴＭ１／ＴＭ３ 和ＴＭ２／ＴＭ３ ；（５） 利用该方法进行了地表烃类蚀变遥感信息的提取和基于ＧＩＳ 的遥感有机化探复合分析，所圈定出的地表烃类异常区与油气勘探结果在空间分布上十分吻合。更多还原

【Abstract】 The mineral and organic geochemistry components of three surface soil profiles in East Sichuan are studied. The hydrocarbon alteration types, strength and spatial distribution are determined by comparing two kinds of components. The remote sensing mechanism is researched quantitatively through spectral research by using the typical soil samples with the hydrocarbon alteration components. The mineral components related with the hydrocarbon alteration have close formation connection with the organic geochemical components. Soils over the oil gas field have the obvious low reflectance in the Bands of TM (the Thematic Mapper) image and the high TM5/TM7 ratios comparing with the soils over the non oil gas fields. The increasing of clay minerals, esp. Montmorillonite bearing Fe, will cause the obvious decreasing of reflectance. The “red fading” alteration of soil will cause the increasing of reflectance in the range of 0.4～0.6 μm and the soils over oil gas field have the high ratios of TM2/TM3 and TM1/TM3 comparatively.更多还原