【摘要】 以“原则与参数”为本位的语法理论认为“被动句”“把字句”等所谓的“句法结构”没有独立的语法地位。它们个过是一些超结构的“语法原则”跟有限的词汇和词法特征相互作用所造成的结果，而不是“语法原则”本身。本文以这一语法思想为理论背景，综合考察了“张三被杀了父亲”和“张三死了父亲”所分别代表的“带保留宾语的被动句”和“领主属宾句”。这两种句式表面看来互个相干，但是却共有一系列重要的语法特征。我们认为它们所共有的那些语法特征不是出于偶然的巧合，而是因为它们的推导派生过程中都运用了“领有名词提升移位”这一语法规则。本文分析并回答了这一语法原则为什么可以在上述两种句式中运用，而不能在其他句式中运用。更多还原

【Abstract】 In Chinese passive and ergative constructions, the verbs that are presumably incapable of assigningthe accusative case are followed by the ’retained-object’ NPs as in Zhangsan bet sha-ie (was killed)fuqin (father) and Zhangsan st-ie (died)hein (father). These two superficially unrelated types ofconstructions share a number of important syntactic properties and are subject to the same set ofsyntactic restrictions. It is argued that this phenomenon is due to the fact that the same syntacticmovement rule ’possessor raising’ (PR) has applied in the tWo types ofconStfUctions. It is demonstratedthat a possessor NP may raise out from the Spec-position of a containing NP and then move tO asubject position. From the perspective of a syntactic theory based on principles and parameters ofUniversal Grammar rather than on differing sets of language-particular and structure-pwticular rules,the diverse PR phenomena can well be subsumed, along with ’passiviZation’ and ’subject Raising’,under the general syntactic process ’NP-Movement’, and that the PR is driven by the functionalpurpose as to separate the possessor NP from the possession NP to emphasize the former. Moreover,it has been demonstrated that the PR operation is well under the constraint of UG principles ininteraction with independently explainable language-particular properties, and that it is mainlydetermined by these three factors f (l ) Whether a legitimate case-marked and non-thelhatic positionis available as a landing site for the out-moving possessor NP; (2) Whether the ’retained object’ NPleft behind in its original DS post-verbal position can be case-marked in one or another; and (3)Whether other applicable conditions on NP movement such as subjacency can be satisfied.更多还原