【摘要】 对野大麦种子在不同温度和预处理萌发条件以及在盐（ＮａＣｌ和Ｎａ２ＳＯ４）和干旱（聚乙二醇，分子量６ ０００）胁迫下萌发能力的研究表明：野大麦种子的最适发芽温度是１５／２５℃变温，其次是２０／３０℃变温，破除休眠的最佳方法是预先冷冻；野大麦种子具有较高的耐盐性，对２ 种盐的耐盐顺序为：ＮａＣｌ＞ Ｎａ２ＳＯ４；种子萌发期耐盐临界值为－ １．３４ ＭＰａ（ＮａＣｌ）和－ １．１３ ＭＰａ（Ｎａ２ＳＯ４）；高渗透势盐胁迫（≥－ ０．５ ＭＰａ）下，胚芽长度递增为正效应，低渗透势盐胁迫（≤－ ０．７ ＭＰａ）下，胚芽长度递减为负效应；盐胁迫对胚根的影响呈单一负效应。野大麦种子也具有较强的抗旱性，其萌发期抗旱临界值为－ １．０７ ＭＰａ；干旱胁迫对胚芽和胚根的生长均产生抑制作用，但对胚根的危害程度较胚芽轻。种子活力指标对盐和干旱胁迫的反应比发芽率敏感更多还原

【Abstract】 Effects of germination conditions of temperature and pretreatment, and stresses of salt and drought on germination of Hordeum brevisubulatum were investigated. The results showed that the optimum germination temperature were alternating temperatures at either 15/25℃ or 20/30℃, prechilling was the effective method to break seed dormancy. The seed had strong resistance to salt stress, and the resistance to the NaCl was higher than Na 2SO 4. The critical salt stress value for germination were -1.34 MPa in NaCl and -1.13 MPa in Na 2SO 4. The shoot growing length showed positive response to higher osmotic potential (≥-0.5 MPa), while showed negative response to the lower osmotic potential (≤-0.7 MPa) of salt stresses. But the root growing length was inhibited by all osmotic potential solutions (-0.1～-1.5 MPa) used. The seed of Hordeum brevisubulatum also showed a strong resistance to the drought (PEG, 6 000 mol) stress, the critical value for germination was -1.07 MPa in PEG 6 000 solution. Both shoot and root growing were suppressed by drought stress, but the root showed slightly than the shoot. Compared to germination percentage, seed vigour index was more sensitive to salt and drought stresses.更多还原