【摘要】 采用正交设计实验方法建立了卤虫耐寒力的测试条件 ,并依据无节幼虫、幼虫和成虫的死亡率比较了来源于中国、美国和墨西哥等地的 1 6个地理品系的耐寒力。主要结果为 :1 .幼虫的培养温度和盐度条件对其耐寒力有显著影响 ,在成虫仅盐度有较为显著影响 ,而孵化盐度和温度对无节幼虫耐寒力的影响不显著 ;2 .在三种虫态中 ,无节幼虫的耐寒力最强 ,其次为成虫 ,幼虫期卤虫对低温最敏感 ;3.各品系间耐寒力差异较大 ,这 1 6个品系中三种虫态的变化趋向也不尽一致 ,比较而言 ,美国旧金山湾品系、墨西哥 Texcoco和 Sonora Yavaros两个品系以及中国山东沿海的埕口和羊口等品系耐寒力相对较强 ,而中国内陆的小柴旦湖、宁夏盐池、山西盐池、新疆巴里坤等 4个品系的耐寒力较弱。讨论了卤虫耐寒力的生态学意义和中国沿海品系耐寒力不一致的原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 The cold tolerance (TC) of nauplii, larvae and adults of 16 Artemia strains from USA, Mexico and China were compared, based on the death rate at opportune experimental conditions. Which were determined according to a orthogonality design . The major conclusions are as follows: 1.The culture temperature and salinity have obvious effect on TC of larve. The TC of adults is sensitive only to salinity . The hatching temperature and salinity of have no effect on TC of nauplii. 2.The TC of nauplii is the strongest, followed by adult and larvae. 3.There is significant difference in the TC among different Artemia strains. The TC of the Artemia from San Francisco Bay of USA, Texcoco and Sonora Yavaros from Mexico, Yangkou and Chenkou from China are significantly higher than that of other strains. The TC of the Artemia from Chinese inland salt lakes, such as Qinghai Xiaocaidan, Shanxi Yanchi, NixiaYanchi and Xinjiang Balikun are lowest . 4.The TC of the coastal Artemia strains from China is irregular. The main reason is that the external Artemia strains from abroad was mixed with those from Chinese inland salt lakes in the coastal regions to verying degrees in different places during the fisheries larvaculture. The male was much rare in 1950’s, because the coastal species is Artemia parthenogenetica, but was observed everywhere now in each coastal saltworks in China.更多还原