【摘要】 目的：了解重症监护治疗病房（ Ｉ Ｃ Ｕ） 医院内感染的发生率、细菌耐药性及危险因素。方法：对 Ｉ Ｃ Ｕ 所分离的细菌菌株及细菌耐药性进行回顾性分析。结果： Ｉ Ｃ Ｕ 医院内感染中仍以 Ｇ－ 菌为主（８７ ．５ ％ ） ，其次为 Ｇ＋ 菌（１２ ．５ ％ ） 。 Ｇ－ 菌中有大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和绿脓假单孢菌。 Ｇ＋ 球菌有金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌。细菌耐药： Ｇ－ 菌对头胞哌啶耐药最低（２５ ．６ ％ ） ，其次依次为氧氟沙星（２８ ．７ ％ ） 、利福平（２９ ．７ ％ ） 、丁胺卡那霉素（６８ ．７ ％ ） 。 Ｇ＋ 球菌对万古霉素（１１ ．１ ％ ） 、氧氟沙星（５６ ．６ ％ ） 耐药。结论： Ｉ Ｃ Ｕ 医院内感染中以 Ｇ－ 菌为主，其次为 Ｇ＋ 菌，对 Ｉ Ｃ Ｕ 各种侵入性操作要严格无菌。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the prevalence,drug resistance and risk factors of nosocomial infections in ICU of general hospital.Methods:The bacteria isolated and their drug resistances were analysed retrospectively from Nov. 1995 to Dec.1998 in the ICU of general hospital.Results:G - bacteria(87.5%) were the predominant causative agents of infection in ICU,followed by G + bacteria(12.5%).The G - bacteria isolated were E.coli,K.pneumoniae,and P.aeruginos;and the G + bacteria were S.aureus,and S.epidermidis.Drug resistance:G - bacterial were least resistant to cefaperazone(25.6%),followed by ofloxacin(28.7%),rifampicin(29.7%),and amikacin(68.7%) in ascending order.The resistance of G + bacteria to vancomycin and ofloxacin were 11.1% and 56.6% respectively.Conclusions:G - bacteria are the predominant causative agents of nosocomial infecton in the ICU of general hospital,followed by G + bacteria.In order to prevent nosocomial infections in ICU,every invasive procedure should be subject to strict sterilization.更多还原