【作者】 陈轲林； 李虹； 马建军； 张雅琪； 李玉蓉； 杨玲； 冯乐英； 代睿明； 马琨； 庞丹波； 陈林；

【Author】 CHEN Ke-Lin;LI Hong;MA Jian-jun;ZHANG Ya-Qi;LI Yu-Rong;YANG Ling;FENG Le-Ying;DAI Rui-Ming;MA Kun;PANG Dan-Bo;CHEN Lin;School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University;Agriculture environmental protection monitoring station of Ningxia;School of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University;Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University;Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China, Ningxia University;

【机构】 宁夏大学生态环境学院； 宁夏农业环境保护监测站； 宁夏大学林业与草业学院； 宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建,教育部重点实验室； 宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地；

【摘要】 本文围绕宁夏农田不同土地利用方式的土壤重金属污染问题,采用系统的土壤样品分析及生态风险评价,深入解析其污染来源,为改善土壤生态环境提供科学依据。在宁夏全区共采集土壤样品727件,其中旱地125件,水浇地503件,水田99件,分析了土壤中8种(As、Hg、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb)重金属元素含量特征,采用地累积指数和潜在生态风险指数,定量评价了三种农业用地类型的土壤重金属污染水平和潜在生态风险,并利用Pearson相关性分析和绝对主成分得分-多元线性回归(APCS-MLR)模型对土壤重金属来源进行定量解析。结果表明,旱地土壤重金属元素Hg、Zn和Cd,以及水浇地和水田土壤中的Hg、Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb均超过了宁夏的土壤背景值,三种农业用地类型的Hg元素均表现出强变异性;三种农业用地的土壤质量总体处于无污染状态,旱地和水浇地的生态风险较低,而水田则处于中等生态风险水平。Hg和Cd在这三类用地中污染最为严重,旱地的Zn和Pb存在轻度污染,水浇地的As、Cr、Cu、Zn和Pb存在轻度污染,水田的Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn和Pb也存在轻度污染。Hg和Cd是三种用地土壤生态风险的主要污染物;APCS-MLR模型的定量分析显示,旱地的污染来源包括农业、自然、工业及其混合源,占比分别为36.6%、20.1%、14.1%和29.2%。水浇地的污染来源为自然、交通-农业的混合源、农业源、工业源以及自然-交通-农业-工业的混合源,比例分别为50.08%、31.32%、6.65%和11.94%。水田的污染来源包括自然-农业的复合源、农业源、工业源,以及自然-农业-工业的混合源,占比分别为46.81%、21.24%、12.65%和19.30%。通过深入分析污染来源和影响因素,本文为相关政策的制定和实施提供了有力的支持,推动了农业可持续发展及生态环境保护的进程。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article focuses on the problem of soil heavy metal pollution in different agricultural lands in Ningxia. Through systematic soil sample analysis and ecological risk assessment, the sources of pollution are analyzed in depth, providing scientific basis for improving the soil ecological environment. A total of 727 soil samples were collected in the entire Ningxia region, including 125 in dry land, 503 in irrigated land, and 99 in paddy fields. The content characteristics of 8 heavy metal elements(As, Hg, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) in the soil were analyzed. The soil accumulation index and potential ecological risk index were used to quantitatively evaluate the soil heavy metal pollution level and potential ecological risk of three types of agricultural land. Pearson correlation analysis and absolute principal component score multiple linear regression(APCS-MLR) model were used to quantitatively analyze the sources of soil heavy metals. The results showed that the heavy metal elements Hg, Zn, and Cd in dryland soils, as well as Hg, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in irrigated and paddy soils, exceeded the soil background values in Ningxia. The Hg elements in the three types of agricultural land showed strong variability; The soil quality of the three types of agricultural land is generally in a pollutionfree state, with low ecological risks in dry and irrigated land, while paddy fields are at a moderate ecological risk level. Hg and Cd are the most severely polluted among these three types of land, with mild pollution of Zn and Pb in arid land, mild pollution of As, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Pb in irrigated land, and mild pollution of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb in paddy fields. Hg and Cd are the main pollutants associated with soil ecological risks in three types of land use; The quantitative analysis of the APCS-MLR model shows that the pollution sources in arid areas include agriculture, nature, industry, and their mixed sources, accounting for 36.6%, 20.1%, 14.1%, and 29.2%, respectively. The pollution sources of irrigated land are natural, mixed sources of transportation agriculture, agricultural sources, industrial sources, and mixed sources of natural transportation agriculture industry, with proportions of 50.08%, 31.32%, 6.65%, and 11.94%, respectively. The pollution sources of paddy fields include compound sources of nature agriculture, agricultural sources, industrial sources, and mixed sources of nature agriculture industry, accounting for 46.81%, 21.24%, 12.65%, and 19.30%, respectively. Through in-depth analysis of pollution sources and influencing factors, this article provides strong support for the formulation and implementation of relevant policies, promoting the process of sustainable agricultural development and ecological environment protection.更多还原