【作者】 李林益； 薛浩； 相珊；

【Author】 Li Linyi;Xue Hao;Xiang Shan;Department of Chronic Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Yancheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention;

【机构】 盐城市疾病预防控制中心慢性传染病预防控制科；

【摘要】 目的分析2020-2024年盐城市麻风症状监测情况,为进一步探索盐城市麻风症状监测工作新模式提供科学依据。方法收集整理2020—2024年全国麻风病防治管理信息系统症状监测患者信息,进行流行病学特征分析,评价盐城市麻风症状监测工作开展情况。结果 2020-2024年,盐城市症状监测累计报告就诊患者990例,2020年和2024年报告病例数量最多,均为207例(20.91%);以县(市、区)级和乡镇级医疗机构报告为主;滨海县报告病例最多,为176例(17.78%);户籍地为麻风高流行地区2例(0.20%);性别比为2.03:1,且每年男性均高于女性;平均年龄62.73岁,最小年龄5岁,最大年龄92岁,61-80岁年龄段占比最多,为530例(53.54%);在报告的可疑症状中以"诊断不明或久治不愈的慢性(三月以上)皮肤病"最多,为624例(63.03%);报告的麻风症状监测病例复核率100%,988例被排除,2例被确诊。2020-2024年全市共确诊4例麻风患者,通过症状监测发现患者2例,占比50%;4名确诊患者中1例为麻风患者家庭密切接触者,1例为麻风高流行区流动人口,均有误诊史。结论盐城市现处于麻风低流行状态,通过加强对麻风高流行地区流动人口、麻风患者家庭密切接触者等重点人群开展麻风症状主动监测,定期对各级医疗机构进行麻风培训,提升麻风症状监测工作质量,有利于早期发现病例。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To analyze the leprosy symptom surveillance situation in Yancheng City from 2020 to 2024,and provide a scientific basis for further exploring a new model of leprosy symptom surveillance in Yancheng City.Methods:The information of patients under leprosy symptom surveillance from 2020 to 2024 was collected and sorted from the Leprosy Management Information System in China.Epidemiological characteristics were analyzed,and the implementation of leprosy symptom surveillance in Yancheng City was evaluated.Results:From 2020 to 2024,a total of 990 patients were reported under leprosy symptom surveillance in Yancheng City.The number of reported cases was the highest in 2020 and 2024,both being 207 cases(20.91%).Reports mainly came from county-level and township-level medical institutions.Binhai County reported the most cases,with 176 cases(17.78%).Two cases(0.20%) had their household registration in high-prevalence areas of leprosy.The male-to-female ratio was 2.03:1,and the number of male cases was higher than that of female cases every year.The average age was 62.73 years,with the youngest being 5 years old and the oldest 92 years old.The age group of 61-80 years accounted for the largest proportion,with 530 cases(53.54%).Among the reported suspicious symptoms,"chronic skin diseases(lasting more than three months) with undiagnosed or unhealed conditions" was the most common,with 624 cases(63.03%).The re-examination rate of leprosy symptom surveillance cases was 100%,with 988 cases excluded and 2 cases confirmed.A total of 4 leprosy patients were confirmed in the city from 2020 to 2024,and 2 were detected through symptom surveillance,accounting for 50%.Among the four confirmed patients,one was a close contact of a leprosy patient and one was a migrant from a high-prevalence area of leprosy,both with a history of misdiagnosis.Conclusion:Yancheng City is currently in a low-prevalence state of leprosy.Strengthening active surveillance of leprosy symptoms among key populations such as migrants from high-prevalence areas and close contacts of leprosy patients,and regularly conducting leprosy training for medical institutions at all levels can improve the quality of leprosy symptom surveillance and facilitate early case detection.更多还原