【作者】 郭砚昭； 张乐乐； 窦伟元； 朱宇； 张海峰；

【Author】 GUO Yan-zhao;ZHANG Le-le;DOU Wei-yuan;ZHU Yu;ZHANG Hai-feng;School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University;National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Beijing Jiaotong University;CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles CO., LTD.;

【机构】 北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院； 北京交通大学轨道车辆运用工程国家国际科技合作基地； 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司；

【摘要】 排障器是列车前端的特有装置之一,通过先于车体碰撞轨道上异物的方式排除障碍以保证列车的运行安全。同时,在碰撞事故发生时,排障器也可以作为第一级缓冲吸能结构耗散和引导碰撞能量。现有动车组排障器的设计一般侧重良好的排障能力,对其次功能,即碰撞情况下有序变形的耐撞性仍有待进一步研究。本文以160 km/h动车组排障器为原型,建立了在EN 15227标准规范下的结构静载、碰撞分析的有限元模型,并在ANSYS、LS-DYNA环境下实现了求解和仿真过程。分析结果表明:当前排障器结构静强度满足标准EN 15227的要求,且纵向刚度分布均匀;当清除小质量障碍物时,冲击力较小,结构不会产生明显形变;当清除大质量障碍物时,冲击力较大,可能会出现排障器连接处剪断现象。更多还原

【Abstract】 The cowcatcher is one of the unique devices at the front end of the train, which can remove obstacles on the track by crashing before the vehicle body to ensure the safety of the train. At the same time, when a collision accident happens, the cowcatcher can also be used as the first energy absorbing buffer structure to dissipate and guide the collision energy. The design of the existing cowcatcher of multiple units generally focuses on the good ability to remove obstacles, and the secondary function still needs to be further studied, which is the crashworthiness of orderly deformation under collision. Taking the cowcatcher for 160 km/h multiple units as the prototype, this paper establishes a finite element model of structural static load and collision analysis under EN 15227 standard and realizes the solution and simulation process under the environment of ANSYS and LS-DYNA. The analysis results show that the structural static strength of the current cowcatcher meets the requirements of the EN 15227 standard, and the longitudinal stiffness is evenly distributed; when removing the obstacles with low mass, the impact force is small and the structure will not produce obvious deformation; when removing the obstacles with large mass, the impact force is large and the shear fracture may occur at the connection of the cowcatcher.更多还原