【作者】 童曦； 周湘文； 高祎勋； 张首驰； 刘世福； 刘兵；

【Author】 TONG Xi;ZHOU Xiang-wen;GAO Hui-xun;ZHANG Shou-chi;LIU Shi-fu;LIU Bing;Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology,Tsinghua University,Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering an Safety of Ministry of Education;

【机构】 清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院先进反应堆工程与安全教育部重点实验室；

【摘要】 以山东石岛湾高温气冷堆示范工程(HTR-PM)为基础,未来我国将建设多座电功率为600 MW的商用高温气冷堆核电机组(HTR-600)。天然鳞片石墨是制备高温气冷堆球形燃料元件所需的核级天然石墨粉的关键原材料,但目前HTR-PM选用的山东平度天然鳞片石墨资源已濒临枯竭,亟须寻找适宜于HTR-600所需大批量球形燃料元件制备用天然鳞片石墨资源。本文选取内蒙古兴和、黑龙江鸡西和萝北三处典型天然鳞片石墨矿区样品,均为大鳞片或中等鳞片石墨,采用高温卤素纯化法将样品固定碳含量提高至99.995%以上。研究结果表明,不同矿区纯化石墨样品的灰分和杂质元素含量均符合HTR燃料元件用石墨材料的技术要求。以鸡西和兴和为代表的大鳞片石墨石墨化度高、缺陷少,有助于提高辐照稳定性,以黑龙江萝北为代表的中等鳞片石墨则具有较高的经济性,其应用可行性有待进一步实验验证。3个矿区的石墨精粉产量均可满足未来HTR商用堆需求,矿石开采技术成熟,产品运输便利,作为HTR-600商用堆所需大批量球形燃料元件制备用核级天然石墨粉的原材料应用潜力巨大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the high temperature reactor pebble-bed module(HTR-PM) in Shidao Bay,Shandong Province,China will build a number of 600 MW commercial high temperature gas-cooled reactor nuclear power units(HTR-600)in the future.Natural flake graphite is the key raw material for preparing nuclear grade natural graphite powder for HTR pebble fuel elements.In view of the fact that the resources of natural graphite mine in Pingdu Shandong used for HTRPM are on the verge of exhaustion.So it is extremely urgent to find natural graphite resources suitable for HTR-600 pebble fuel elements.In this paper,natural graphite samples from Xinghe in Inner Mongolia,Luobei and Jixi in Heilongjiang with large or medium flake scale were selected.The fixed carbon content of the samples were improved to over99.995% using high-temperature halogen purification method.The results indicated that the ash content and impurityelement contents of the purified graphite samples from different mining areas all met the technical requirements of graphite materials for HTR fuel elements.The large scale graphite represented by Jixi and Xinghe had a high graphitization degree and few defects, which contributed to improve the irradiation stability.The medium scale graphite represented by Luobei had a high economic efficiency,but its application feasibility needed further experimental verification.As a raw material for preparing nuclear grade natural graphite powder for large-scale pebble fuel elements required for HTR-600 commercial reactors, the graphite powder from all three mining areas have great potential with sufficient yield,mature mining technology and convenient transportation.更多还原