【作者】 郭大卫； 傅旭东； 杨飞； 宋云天； 李鹏； 王光谦；

【Author】 GUO Dawei;FU Xudong;YANG Fei;SONG Yuntian;LI Peng;WANG Guangqian;Changjiang Institute of Survey;State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering,Tsinghua University;Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources and Environment Ecology of Ministry of Education,Xi’an University of Technology;

【机构】 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司； 清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室； 西安理工大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室；

【摘要】 本文采用Wang等(2007)开发的数字流域模型,对黄河中上游面积为3000km~2的皇甫川流域的产沙多尺度性进行了模拟研究。模拟结果表明,沿干流从上游到下游,产沙模数随汇流面积的增大将总体表现出先增大后减小的两尺度性,趋势转变的位置发生在面积为406km~2的支流入汇处。通过将产沙模数分解为平均含沙量与径流深这两个关键因子,研究发现高含沙水流的形成机制和极限含沙量现象是产沙模数两尺度性的重要成因,而径流深由于随空间变化的量级相对较小,对该现象的形成所起到的决定性作用较弱。深入剖析流域产沙多尺度性的形成机制对于跨尺度流域产沙的预测将具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study presents a simulation of sediment yield driven by heavy rainfall in the Huangfuchuan River basin in the Loess Plateau.The Digital Yellow River model(Wang et al.2007) was adopted for the river basin with an area of 3000 km~2.It is found that the specific sediment yield(SSY) in the main river first increases and then decreases with the drainage area(A) in general,thus presenting a multi-scale characteristics(MSC).The transition of this trend occurs when A approaches 406 km~2,corresponding to the confluence where a tributary of 400 km~2 inflows.After the SSY is factorized into mean sediment concentration(C) and runoff depth(h),the mechanism of the development of hyper-concentrated flow and the limit of sediment concentration are found to be the main causes to the MSC of SSY,while the runoff depth has less influence as the amplitude of its variation across spatial scale is small.This study appeals for an in-depth understanding of the MSC of SSY, and its extensive application in predicting sediment yield across a wide range of spatial scales.更多还原