【作者】 彭志恒； 张海； 何易楠； 冯玉超； 骆波； 黄金兰； 刘移民； 王忠旭； 贾宁； 王致；

【Author】 PENG Zhiheng;ZANG Hai;HE Yinan;FENG Yuchao;LUO Bo;HUANG Jinlan;LIU Yimin;WANG Zhongxu;JIA Ning;WANG Zhi;Guangzhou Twelfth People’s Hospital Guangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital;

【机构】 广州市第十二人民医院广州市职业病防治院； 广州医药集团股份有限公司广州白云山制药总厂安全环保部； 广州医药集团股份有限公司广州何济公制药厂安全保卫部； 中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所；

【摘要】 目的:分析化学制药行业工人多部位工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)发生情况及其影响因素。方法:采用横断面调查方法,选择广州市3家工艺典型、工种齐全的化学制药厂的563名工人为研究对象,采用《中文版肌肉骨骼疾患调查表》电子问卷对其过去12个月的多部位WMSDs发生现状进行调查,分析多部位WMSDs的影响因素。结果:化学制药行业工人多部位WMSDs症状发生率为30.0%,是单一部位症状发生率(13.9%)的2.16倍;同时2个部位发生症状的概率是3.0%,同时3个部位发生症状的概率是4.1%,同时4个部位发生症状的概率是11.4%,同时5个部位及以上发生症状的概率是4.1%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,排除混杂因素的影响后,相对于初中及以下文化程度,高中及中专和大专及以上文化程度发生多部位WMSDs的风险更低(P值均<0.05);工作日平均工作时长8～10h和>10h (参照工作日平均工作时长不超过8h)发生多部位MWSDs的风险更高(P值均<0.05);经常/频繁地(参照从不/偶尔)轮班的工人发生多部位MWSDs的风险更低(P值<0.05);经常/频繁地(参照从不/偶尔)手长时间处于肩部以上的工人发生多部位MWSDs的风险更高。结论:化学制药行业工人发生多部位WMSDs的风险较高,多部位WMSDs较单一部位WMSDs多见。其影响因素包括个体因素、不合理的工作组织及不良工效学因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To analyze the occurrence and influencing factors of multi-site work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) in chemical and pharmaceutical industry. Methods:A total of 563 workers from three typical chemical pharmaceutical factories in Guangzhou were selected as the research objects by cross-sectional investigation.The occurrence of multi-site WMSDs in the past 12 months was investigated by using the Chinese version of Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire, and the influencing factors of multi-site WMSDs were analyzed. Results:The incidence of multi-site WMSDs symptoms in chemical and pharmaceutical workers was 30.0%, 2.16 times that of single-site symptoms(13.9%).The probability of symptoms occurring at two sites at the same time was 3.0%, the probability of symptoms occurring at three sites at the same time was 4.1%, the probability of symptoms occurring at four sites at the same time was 11.4%, and the probability of symptoms occurring at five or more sites at the same time was 4.1%.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after excluding the influence of confounding factors, the risk of multi-site WMSDs was lower in high school and secondary school and college and above than in junior high school and below(P<0.05). The average working hours of 8-10h and the average working hours of more than 10h(refer to the average working hours of less than 8h) had a higher risk of multi-site MWSDs(P<0.05). Workers who shift frequently/frequently(refer to never/occasionally) have a lower risk of developing multi-site MWSDs(P<0.05). Workers who frequently/frequently(refer to never/occasionally) hold their hands above the shoulder for long periods of time have a higher risk of developing multi-site MWSDs(P<0.05). Conclusion The risk of multi-site WMSDs in chemical and pharmaceutical industry is higher, and multi-site WMSDs is more common than single-site WMSDs.The influencing factors include individual factors, unreasonable work organization and bad ergonomics factors.更多还原