【作者】 朱丽娜； 殷恒婵； 陈爱国；

【Author】 Zhu Lina;Yin Hengchan;Chen Aiguo;College of Physical Education,Yangzhou University;College of P.E.and Sports,Beijing Normal University;

【机构】 扬州大学体育学院； 北京师范大学体育与运动学院；

【摘要】 探究9周运动干预对携带、未携带APOEε4大学生有氧运动能力和执行功能各子功能的影响,为采用运动手段降低携带APOEε4基因成年早期人群执行功能受损提供理论基础和实践依据。方法:以84名在校大学生为研究对象,采用2(组别:运动组、对照组)×2(APOEε4基因:携带、未携带)×2(时间:干预前、干预后)混合实验设计,采用三因素重复测量方差分析比较运动干预前后各组有氧运动能力和执行功能各子功能(反应时、正确率)的变化及差异,结果:(1)在有氧运动能力上,干预前携带APOEε4运动组的有氧运动能力显著低于未携带APOEε4运动组,干预后携带、未携带APOEε4运动组大学生的有氧运动能力均显著提高,且组间无显著差异,表明运动干预能够提升携带、未携带APOEε4大学生有氧运动能力,且携带APOEε4运动组效果更好。(2)在执行功能各子功能上,干预前携带APOEε4运动组的抑制、转换功能反应时显著大于未携带APOEε4运动组,干预后携带、未携带APOEε4运动组大学生抑制、刷新、转换功能反应时显著缩短,且干预后携带APOEε4运动组大学生抑制、转换功能与未携带APOEε4运动组无显著性差异,但携带APOEε4对照组大学生抑制、转换反应时显著增加;运动干预后携带、未携带APOEε4运动组大学生执行功能各子功能正确率均无显著性变化。表明运动干预能够促进携带、未携带APOEε4大学生抑制、刷新、转换功能,且携带APOEε4大学生在抑制、转换功能上干预效果更好,携带APOEε4对照组大学生抑制和转换功能随时间变差。结论:运动干预能够提升携带、未携带APOEε4基因大学生有氧运动能力和执行功能各子功能,且对携带APOEε4大学生有氧运动能力和抑制、转换功能的提升效果更好;运动干预能够降低APOEε4基因对大学生抑制、转换功能的负面影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:This study is to examine the impact of a 9-week exercise intervention on the aerobic exercise ability and executive function of college students,taking into consideration the presence or absence of the APOEε4 gene.The findings of this study aim to contribute to the development of both theoretical and practical strategies for mitigating executive function impairment in young adults with the APOEε4 gene through exercise.Methods:A total of 84 college students were selected as participants for this study.The research design employed a mixed experimental approach,utilizing a 2(group:exercise group,control group) × 2(APOEε4 gene:carriers,non-carriers) × 2(time:pre-intervention and post-intervention) framework.The study employed a three-factor repeated measurement analysis of variance to compare the variations and disparities in aerobic exercise capacity and executive function sub-functions(specifically,reaction time and accuracy) prior to and following an exercise intervention.Results:(1) The pre-intervention aerobic fitness levels of the group with APOEε4 were found to be significantly lower compared to the group without APOEε4.However,following the intervention,both groups experienced significant improvements in their aerobic fitness levels.Furthermore,there was no significant difference observed between the two groups post-intervention,suggesting that exercise intervention can effectively enhance the aerobic fitness of college students,regardless of their APOEε4 status.(2) Before intervention,the exercise group with APOEε4 exhibited a significantly longer reaction time for inhibition and shifting function compared to the exercise group without APOEε4.However,after intervention,both the exercise group with and without APOEε4 experienced a significant reduction in reaction time for inhibition,updating,and shifting function among college students.Following the intervention,there was no notable disparity observed in the inhibition and shifting capabilities between college students in the exercise group with APOEε4 and those in the exercise group without APOEε4.However,the reaction time associated with inhibition and shifting exhibited a significant increase among college students in the control group with APOEε4.Furthermore,subsequent to the exercise intervention,the accuracy pertaining to each sub-function of executive function among college students in both the exercise group with and without APOEε4 did not undergo any significant alterations.The findings of the study indicate that exercise intervention has the potential to enhance the inhibition,updating,and shifting abilities in both college students with and without APOEε4.Moreover,the intervention appears to have a more pronounced positive impact on the inhibition and shifting abilities of college students with APOEε4.However,it is worth noting that over time,the inhibition and shifting function of college students with APOEε4 tended to deteriorate.Conclusion:The implementation of exercise intervention has been found to enhance the aerobic fitness and executive function among college students,regardless of their possession of the APOEε4 gene.Moreover,it has been observed that exercise intervention yields superior outcomes in terms of improving aerobic fitness,inhibition,and shifting function specifically among college students with the APOEε4 gene.Additionally,exercise intervention has been shown to mitigate the detrimental effects of the APOEε4 gene on the inhibition and shifting function of college students.更多还原