【作者】 全紫涵； 林其玉； 张乐； 蔡晨；

【Author】 Zihan Quan;Qiyu Lin;Le Zhang;Chen Cai;Department of Psychology,Normal College,Qingdao University;

【机构】 青岛大学师范学院应用心理学系；

【摘要】 作为日常生活中十分重要的一项认知功能,成功的前瞻记忆能够帮助人们记住并有效执行未来计划。有研究表明,表象能力能较好地预测前瞻记忆水平。心理表象是指个体根据描述来模拟或重新创造知觉经验,使个体能够感知目前不存在的事物的过程;而未来情景思维即个体将自我投射到未来,以预先体验未来事件的一种能力。现有研究已证明二者之间存在联系,但尚缺少研究同时考察二者对于前瞻记忆的交互影响。本研究旨在深入探讨心理表象与未来情景思维的关系,以及二者对前瞻记忆的交互作用机制。研究一采用相关研究,招募在校大学生88名(24名男生,19.17±0.90岁),通过间隔六个月的两次测试建立交叉滞后模型考察心理表象和未来情景思维之间的关系。结果表明,二者之间存在双向预测关系。研究二采用实验法,招募被试116名(25名男生,18.76±0.89岁),将被试随机分配到控制组、心理表象组与未来情景思维组以考察不同表象方式对前瞻记忆的影响。研究结果表明,心理表象和未来情景思维均可以促进被试的前瞻记忆任务表现,F(2,115)=8.31,p<0.001,η~2=0.499。并且心理表象对于提升前瞻记忆任务执行速度的效果显著优于未来情景思维,p=0.025。综上所述,心理表象和未来情景思维可相互预测,且二者可平行作用于前瞻记忆,这些发现对前瞻记忆领域的现有发现做出了补充,进一步揭示了三者之间相互作用的心理机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a vital cognitive function in daily lives,successful prospective memory assumes a critical role in assisting individuals in recalling and effectively carrying out their future plans.Current research has revealed that the imagery ability is a potent predictor of prospective memory capabilities.Mental imagery involves the remarkable ability of individuals to recreate sensory experiences based on descriptions,enabling them to perceive things that are not physically present;episodic future thinking refers to the ability of individuals to project themselves into the future and mentally pre-experience forthcoming events.Existing studies have established a correlation between mental imagery and episodic future thinking,but systematic research exploring the simultaneous interactive effects of the two on prospective memory remains limited.Therefore,this study aims to conduct a comprehensive investigation into the intricate relationship between mental imagery,episodic future thinking,and their combined interaction mechanism,specifically in relation to prospective memory.In Study 1,we employed a correlation method by constructing a cross-lagged model to investigate the relationship between mental imagery and episodic future thinking.A total of 88 college students(24 males;mean age=19.17 years,SD=0.90) were recruited and we conducted two tests at six-month intervals to analyze this relationship.The findings of the study revealed a noteworthy two-way predictive relationship between mental imagery and episodic future thinking.In Study 2,an experimental approach was employed to explore the influence of different imagery methods on prospective memory.A total of 116 participants(25 males;mean age=18.76 years,SD=0.89) were recruited and randomly allocated to three groups:the control group,the mental imagery group,and the episodic future thinking group.The study results showed that both mental imagery and episodic future thinking positively influenced the participants’ performance in the prospective memory task,F(2,115)=8.31,p<0.001,η~2=0.499.And mental imagery exhibited a more pronounced impact on enhancing the execution speed of prospective memory tasks compared to episodic future thinking,p=0.025.In conclusion,the findings suggest a reciprocal relationship between mental imagery and episodic future thinking,with both factors exerting parallel effects on prospective memory,which not only supplement the existing discoveries in the field of prospective memory but also provide valuable insights into the underlying psychological mechanisms that govern the interactions among these three factors.更多还原