【作者】 贾翰琳； 方心雨； 杨晓辉； 王振宏；

【Author】 Hanlin Jia;Xinyu Fang;Xiaohui Yang;Zhenhong Wang;School of Psychology,Shaanxi Normal University;

【机构】 陕西师范大学心理学院；

【摘要】 家庭的媒介环境（如父母手机依赖）会对儿童的发展产生重要影响。个体与环境的交互视角以及媒介效果差别易感性模型都认为儿童的特点会影响媒介因素对儿童发展的影响效果,但是以往研究很少考察儿童的生物特点（如基因）对媒介环境的调节作用。基于此,本研究考察父母手机依赖是否通过父母专制教养影响学前儿童的亲社会行为,以及这个路径是否因学前儿童的生物特点（即BDNF基因rs6265多态性）而有所不同。499名3～6岁儿童(M_年龄=5.20岁,SD=0.90岁,女生231名)及其父母参与了本研究。分别采用父母报告的手机依赖量表、家庭教养方式量表中的专制教养分量表、长处与困难问卷中的亲社会行为分问卷测量了父母手机依赖水平、专制教养及儿童亲社会行为。同时采集儿童唾液样本进行基因位点的分型。研究结果发现,在控制了儿童的性别和年龄后,专制教养完全中介了父母手机依赖与幼儿的亲社会行为的负向关联。此外,儿童BDNF基因rs6265多态性能够调节父母手机依赖及专制教养对其亲社会行为的关系。具体来讲,携带CC基因型的儿童其父母手机依赖水平与其亲社会水平显著负相关,而携带TT/CT基因型的儿童其父母手机依赖水平与亲社会行为的关系不显著。而父母手机依赖通过专制教养方式对儿童的亲社会行为的消极作用主要体现在携带TT/CT基因型儿童中而非携带CC基因型的儿童中。本研究为深入了解个体的生物敏感性因素与家庭媒体环境交互影响儿童发展提供了证据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Family media environment（e.g.,parental problematic smartphone use） have important impacts on children’s development.The person×environment perspective and the differential susceptibility to media effects model all assume that children’s characteristics influence the effects of media environments on children’s development.Yet few researches examined the role of biological characteristics（e.g.,genes） of children in moderating the effects of media environment.Thus,this study tested whether and how BDNF rs6265 polymorphism moderated the path ways that parental problematic smartphone uses through authoritarian parenting link with preschool children’s pro-social behaviors.Parents of 499 children aged 3 ～ 6 years(M_age=5.20 years,SD=0.90 years,231 girls) participated.Parents reported their level of parental problematic smartphone use,authoritarian parenting and children’s pro-social behavior.Children’s saliva samples were also collected for DNA extraction.The results found that authoritarian parenting fully mediated the negative effect of parental problematic smartphone use on children’s pro-social behavior after controlling for children’s age and sex.In addition,the BDNF rs6265 polymorphism moderated the relationships between parental problematic smartphone use/authoritarian parenting and children’s pro-social behavior.Specifically,parental problematic smartphone use was significantly negatively associated with pro-social behavior among children with CC genotype,while parental problematic smartphone use was not significantly associated with pro-social behavior in children with TT/CT genotype.In addition,the negative effects of parental problematic smartphone use on children’s pro-social behavior through authoritarian parenting were only found among children with the TT/CT genotypes rather than children with the CC genotype.The present study provides evidence of children’s biological susceptibility factors interact with the family media environment to impact on their development.更多还原