The impact of drought stress throughout the entire growth period on the grain yield and quality of common peanut and high-oleic-acid peanut

【作者】 艾鑫； Shiyu Wang； Chunji Jiang； Jing Wang； Shuli Zhao； Xinhua Zhao； 张鹤； 于海秋；

【Author】 Xin Ai;Shiyu Wang;Chunji Jiang;Jing Wang;Shuli Zhao;Xinhua Zhao;He Zhang;Haiqiu Yu;College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University;

【机构】 College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University；

【摘要】 【Background】Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) is a crucial oil crop worldwide, water scarcity significantly limits its yield and quality. The primary peanut-producing regions in China are mainly located in arid and semi-arid areas, where 70% of the crops suffer from varying degrees of drought stress annually, leading to an average annual yield reduction of over 20%. Prolonged drought stress can also negatively impact the content of nutrients by restricting nutrient absorption and transportation within peanut plants. Therefore, comprehending the physiological mechanisms underlying how drought stress affects peanut grain yield and quality is critical for successful cultivation.【 Materials and Methods 】 Using 18 common peanut varieties and 18 high-oleic-acid peanut varieties as experimental materials, we controlled the field moisture throughout the entire growth period. Two water gradients were set: moderate drought stress(50±5% FC) and normal watering(65±5% FC). We conducted measurements on factors contributing to peanut yield, total oil content, total protein content and fatty acid composition of each component after harvest.【Result and Analysis】Compared to normal water supply, drought stress period led to a higher decrease in high-oleic-acid peanut yield. Under drought stress, the oil content of high-oleic-acid peanuts significantly increased, while the protein content decreased significantly. The protein content of common peanuts showed a significant increase. The contents of oleic acid and docosanic acid in high-oleic-acid peanut decreased significantly, while the content of linoleic acid increased. The content of oleic acid and linoleic acid did not show significant changes in common peanuts. Correlation analysis among 8 fatty acids and yield components revealed that oleic acid content had a negative correlation with hexadecanoic acid and linoleic acid and a positive correlation with oil content. In terms of yield composition, oleic acid was positively correlated with yield per, negatively correlated with 100 pot weight. Protein content showed a negative correlation with oil content but positive correlations with pod number per plant. Grey correlation analysis indicated that both oleic acid and linoleic acid content were main factors affecting lipid formation in peanuts under drought stress. By calculating the subordinate function value and WDC, the drought resistance level of 36 peanut varieties was determined. Through comprehensive screening, commonly drought-resistant peanut HY25, commonly drought-sensitive peanut FH18, high-oleic-acid drought-resistant peanut HY665, and high-oleic-acid drought-sensitive peanut HY52 were obtained.【Conclusion】Compared with common peanuts, the high-oleic-acid peanuts were more sensitive to drought stress. Drought stress had the greatest effect on the ratio of oleic acid to linoleic acid of high-oleic-acid peanuts, while common peanuts were almost unaffected.更多还原

【Abstract】 【Background】Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) is a crucial oil crop worldwide, water scarcity significantly limits its yield and quality. The primary peanut-producing regions in China are mainly located in arid and semi-arid areas, where 70% of the crops suffer from varying degrees of drought stress annually, leading to an average annual yield reduction of over 20%. Prolonged drought stress can also negatively impact the content of nutrients by restricting nutrient absorption and transportation within peanut plants. Therefore, comprehending the physiological mechanisms underlying how drought stress affects peanut grain yield and quality is critical for successful cultivation.【 Materials and Methods 】 Using 18 common peanut varieties and 18 high-oleic-acid peanut varieties as experimental materials, we controlled the field moisture throughout the entire growth period. Two water gradients were set: moderate drought stress(50±5% FC) and normal watering(65±5% FC). We conducted measurements on factors contributing to peanut yield, total oil content, total protein content and fatty acid composition of each component after harvest.【Result and Analysis】Compared to normal water supply, drought stress period led to a higher decrease in high-oleic-acid peanut yield. Under drought stress, the oil content of high-oleic-acid peanuts significantly increased, while the protein content decreased significantly. The protein content of common peanuts showed a significant increase. The contents of oleic acid and docosanic acid in high-oleic-acid peanut decreased significantly, while the content of linoleic acid increased. The content of oleic acid and linoleic acid did not show significant changes in common peanuts. Correlation analysis among 8 fatty acids and yield components revealed that oleic acid content had a negative correlation with hexadecanoic acid and linoleic acid and a positive correlation with oil content. In terms of yield composition, oleic acid was positively correlated with yield per, negatively correlated with 100 pot weight. Protein content showed a negative correlation with oil content but positive correlations with pod number per plant. Grey correlation analysis indicated that both oleic acid and linoleic acid content were main factors affecting lipid formation in peanuts under drought stress. By calculating the subordinate function value and WDC, the drought resistance level of 36 peanut varieties was determined. Through comprehensive screening, commonly drought-resistant peanut HY25, commonly drought-sensitive peanut FH18, high-oleic-acid drought-resistant peanut HY665, and high-oleic-acid drought-sensitive peanut HY52 were obtained.【Conclusion】Compared with common peanuts, the high-oleic-acid peanuts were more sensitive to drought stress. Drought stress had the greatest effect on the ratio of oleic acid to linoleic acid of high-oleic-acid peanuts, while common peanuts were almost unaffected.更多还原