【作者】 刘月月； 何文广； 沈国晴；

【Author】 LIU Yueyue;HE Wenguang;SHEN Guoqing;School of Education,Qufu Normal University;School of Psychology,Qufu Normal University;

【机构】 曲阜师范大学教育学院； 曲阜师范大学心理学院；

【摘要】 书写产生中语音在正字法通达中的作用以及语言信息对动作执行的影响是书写产生领域的两个基本问题,围绕这两个问题的争论分别形成了语音中介假说和正字法自主假说,以及序列模型和级联模型。为比较以手写和键入方式书写二语时,语音在正字法通达中的作用以及语言信息对动作执行的影响,本研究以中-英双语者为被试,采用图-词干扰范式,通过两个实验系统探讨了以不同方式书写二语时,认知编码阶段和动作执行阶段上的语音效应和正字法效应。实验设计为5(SOA:-200 ms,-100 ms,0 ms,100ms,200 ms)×3(干扰词类型:仅正字法高相关,仅语音高相关,无关)两因素被试内设计,因变量为认知编码阶段上书写图片名称的反应时(response times,RTs)和动作执行阶段上整词书写的持续时间(whole response duration,WRD)。实验1考察手写二语时,语音在正字法通达中的作用以及语言信息对动作执行的影响。结果发现,认知编码阶段,RTs指标上正字法促进效应最早出现在SOA为-200 ms,而语音促进效应最早出现在SOA为0 ms,表明正字法激活早于语音;动作执行阶段,SOA为-200ms时WRD指标上出现了正字法促进效应,表明正字法促进了整词书写速度。实验2考察键入二语时,语音在正字法通达中的作用以及语言信息对动作执行的影响。结果发现,认知编码阶段,RTs指标上正字法促进效应最早出现在SOA为-200 ms,而语音促进效应最早出现在SOA为0 ms,表明正字法激活早于语音;动作执行阶段,各效应均未出现。结论认为:(1)手写和键入二语时,语义均可直接通达正字法,不需要以语音为中介,支持正字法自主假说。(2)手写二语时,正字法加工可以级联到动作执行,符合级联模型;键入二语时,语言信息的加工在动作执行之前已经完成,符合序列模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 Two basic issues in the field of written production concern whether phonology influences the output of orthography and how language processes affect the action execution. Debates on these two issues have led to the phonological mediation hypothesis and the orthographic autonomy hypothesis, as well as the serial model and the cascaded model, respectively. To compare the role of phonology in orthographic access and the influence of language processes on action execution during Chinese-English bilinguals handwrote or typed second language(L2) words, the picture-word interference paradigm was adopted to explore the phonological and orthographic effects on the cognitive coding and action execution of the two different writing modes. Experiment 1found that during handwriting, the orthographic priming effect appeared earlier than the phonological one in the phase of cognitive coding, and the former was still active in the phase of action execution. Experiment 2 found that during typing, the orthographic priming effect was also earlier than the phonological one in the phase of cognitive coding, nevertheless, no effects arose in the phase of action execution. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that:(1) Semantic could access the orthographic representation directly in the phase of cognitive coding for both handwriting and typing, which supported the orthographic autonomy hypothesis.(2) For handwriting, the orthographic process could be cascaded to the action execution, providing evidence for the cascaded model;however, linguistic processes were completed before action execution for typing, which was consistent with the serial model.更多还原