【作者】 崔秀敏； 蔺秀云；

【Author】 Xiumin Cui;Xiuyun Lin;College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai;Institute of Developmental Psychology, School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University;

【机构】 北京师范大学未来教育学院； 北京师范大学发展心理研究院；

【摘要】 随着社会节奏的加快,祖辈-父辈共同养育第三代的育儿模式已成为当今我国社会的普遍抚养模式。然而,幼儿在祖辈和父辈抚养者面前的自我控制能力却不尽相同。研究表明,幼儿的自我控制能力对其今后的身心发展、入学准备、人际关系、社会能力及创造力等方面影响重大。本研究采用幼儿依恋量表、3-5岁儿童自我控制父母版问卷、家长自我控制量表简版对深圳市495名平均年龄为4.40岁的幼儿的祖母与母亲进行施测,旨在探讨祖辈-父辈共同养育的三代家庭中,女性抚养者的自我控制与学龄前儿童的自我控制之间的关系,以及祖孙依恋、亲子依恋在其中的中介作用。结果发现:(1)母亲的自我控制可以通过祖孙依恋、亲子依恋而间接影响幼儿的自我控制,与此同时,祖母的自我控制也可以通过祖孙依恋、亲子依恋而间接影响幼儿的自我控制。(2)母亲和祖母的自我控制与亲子依恋、祖孙依恋存在显著的主效应和客体效应。(3)亲子依恋、祖孙依恋均对幼儿的自我控制有影响,祖孙依恋到祖母评价幼儿自我控制的效果显著高于亲子依恋到母亲评价幼儿自我控制的效果。通过将自我调节的代际传递模型和自我控制理论拓展到三代家庭,本研究揭示了母亲和祖母共育家庭中自我控制代际传递的机制以及母亲和祖母对幼儿的影响方式的差异,强调了将家庭视为相互依存的动态系统以及将代际照顾者之间的互动纳入儿童发展研究的重要性,可以为幼儿自我控制能力的提升与干预方案提供依据,针对性的为三代家庭提供帮助。更多还原

【Abstract】 In China, mother-grandmother co-parenting has emerged as one of the predominant parenting styles.Surprisingly, less is known about the impacts of dynamic interaction among subsystems on children in three-generation households. The current study examined how maternal caregivers’ self-control specifically correlates with preschoolers’ self-control and how caregiver-child attachment functions as a mediator in a mother-grandmother dyadic situation. A final sample of 495 mother-grandmother dyads in Southern China was recruited in this study. Mothers and grandmothers completed measures assessing caregivers’ self-control,caregiver-child attachment, children’s self-control and sociodemographic characteristics. The findings showed that both mothers’ and grandmothers’ self-control were indirectly linked to the child’s self-control via the child’s attachment to them and to their co-parents, implying that caregiver-child attachment played a major role in the intergenerational transfer of maternal caregivers’ self-control. Significant actor and partner effects were obtained between mothers’ and grandmothers’ self-control and their kids’ attachment to them. Additionally, the relationship between grandmother-child attachment and the grandmother’s report of child self-control was stronger than that between mother-child attachment and the mother’s report of child self-control. By extending the intergenerational transmission model of self-regulation and self-control theory to three-generation families, the present results illustrated the mechanism of intergenerational transmission of self-control in mother-grandmother co-parenting families and the differences in influence modes of mothers and grandmothers on children. Further, the novel findings uncovered in this paper emphasize the importance of considering the family as an interdependent dynamic system and including dyadic interactions between intergenerational caregivers in studies of preschool children’s development in three-generation households.更多还原