【作者】 曹妍媛； 樊洁； 于权浩； 刘倩； 朱熊兆；

【Author】 Yanyuan Cao;Jie Fan;Quanhao Yu;Qian Liu;Xiongzhao Zhu;Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University;Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University;National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders;

【机构】 中南大学湘雅二医院医学心理研究中心； 中南大学医学心理研究所； 国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心；

【摘要】 背景:心理僵化与许多心理健康问题密切相关。研究也开始关注在经历了相当大心理困扰的大学生群体中的心理僵化水平。然而,以往研究多采用静态视角以及变量中心方法,无法探究心理僵化发展及其异质性。此外,有研究也发现了童年创伤与心理僵化的关联,然而尚未有研究考察童年创伤对心理僵化的长期影响。因此,本研究采用三年的大样本追踪调查,在考察大学生心理僵化发展轨迹亚组后,分析了童年创伤以及其他因素对其轨迹的预测作用,并分析了心理僵化与抑郁、焦虑的关系。方法:本研究数据来源于一项对3535名大一新生(其中65.6%为女生,平均年龄为18.01±0.77岁)进行的为期三年的五次纵向追踪研究。参与者在基线时完成了童年创伤问卷,在五个时间点均完成了心理僵化,抑郁和焦虑的问卷调查。构建了心理僵化的潜类别增长模型,进一步考察了不同类型的童年创伤对不同的心理僵化发展轨迹的预测作用,并比较了不同的心理僵化发展轨迹亚组在五个时间点的抑郁和焦虑水平。此外,也将性别、年龄、教育年限、十二岁以前居住地和早年分离经历纳入模型进行分析。结果:潜类别增长分析发现,大学生心理僵化可区分为两个异质的发展轨迹亚组:"高-较稳定"组和"低-下降"组。采用Logistic回归发现,童年情感忽视或情感虐待经历较多、有早年分离经历、女性、年龄较小以及十二岁以前居住地为农村的大学生更有可能属于"高-较稳定"组,而更少可能属于"低-下降"组。这说明童年情感创伤经历、早年分离经历、女性、年龄较小以及十二岁以前居住地为农村是高心理僵化的危险因素。此外,结果显示"高-较稳定"组在五个时间点的抑郁、焦虑水平均高于"低-下降"组。结论:本研究结果揭示了童年情感创伤对于大学生心理僵化的预测作用,并强调了心理僵化对于抑郁、焦虑的影响,进一步提示了针对心理僵化进行干预的重要价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Background: Psychological inflexibility is associated with many mental health problems. This construct has recently started to be examined in university students, who experience considerable psychological distress. However, the primary methodology of the present study is cross-sectional and variable-centered, which is not conducive to identifying the development and the heterogeneity of psychological inflexibility. Research has also demonstrated that childhood maltreatment may contribute to psychological inflexibility, while little has studied the longitudinal effect of childhood maltreatment on psychological inflexibility. As a result, the current study investigated the developmental trajectories of psychological inflexibility, then analyzed the impact of childhood maltreatment on psychological inflexibility and the associations between psychological inflexibility and depression and anxiety.Methods: Research data from a 3-year, five waves longitudinal tracking study was analyzed, in which a total of3535 university freshmen(65.6% female, Age_Mean = 18.01, Age_SD = 0.77 at baseline) participated. Participants completed Childhood Trauma Questionnaire at baseline study and completed questionnaires about psychological inflexibility, depression, and anxiety at all time points. Latent class growth modeling analysis was used to identify latent classes of psychological inflexibility trajectories. Then we examined the impacts of different types of childhood maltreatment on the trajectories of psychological inflexibility and investigated the influence of psychological inflexibility on depression and anxiety. Gender, age, education years, residence before 12 years old,and left-behind experience were also considered.Results: Latent class growth analysis identified two heterogeneous classes of psychological inflexibility trajectories among Chinese university students: the high-stable group and the low-decreasing group. A further regression analysis indicated that more childhood exposure to emotional abuse or neglect, left-behind experience,female gender, young age, and rural residence before 12 years old was significantly more likely to belong to the high-stable psychological inflexibility group in comparison to the low-decreasing psychological inflexibility group,which indicated that these are risk factors for high psychological inflexibility. Also, university students in the high-stable psychological inflexibility group reported a higher probability of depression and anxiety at all time points.Conclusion: This study provided meaningful insights into the development of psychological inflexibility in university students and its relation to childhood emotional maltreatment as well as depression and anxiety. The findings suggest the necessity of intervention strategies aimed at reducing psychological inflexibility levels for university students with childhood emotional maltreatment.更多还原