【作者】 方岚； 余可可； 王瑞明；

【Author】 Lan Fang;Keke Yu;Ruiming Wang;South China Normal University;

【机构】 华南师范大学心理学院；

【摘要】 韵律边界的感知是语言认知加工中的重要方面。借助不同层级的韵律边界,我们得以将语流切分成小句、短语和词语等言语组块,适应大脑加工信息的方式。然而,韵律边界具有显著的母语语言学特征,二语学习者的加工可能不同于母语者。本研究以英语专业高年级本科生和英语母语者为被试,结合使用行为实验范式和脑电(ERP)技术,探讨说汉语的母语者对英语句子、短语和韵律词三种不同韵律边界层级的识别和线索权重策略的使用,以期初步揭示二语者韵律边界加工的认知机制。结果发现,在英语韵律词和句子这两种与汉语的韵律边界韵律音位一致的边界加工中,二语者与英语母语者的表现无显著差异,但是在加工韵律短语这个英汉韵律边界音位不一致的类型中,高熟二语者的识别表现不如母语者,说明二语者对二语韵律边界的感知受到母语韵律边界模式迁移的影响。进一步的线索权重探查发现,二语者对停顿倚重最大,延宕次之,最次是音高;和母语者相比,停顿条件下二者无显著差异,延宕条件下逊于母语者,但音高条件下优于母语者。最后,ERP实验发现二语者产生了前置CPS。这个结果说明二语者加工韵律短语边界时自动化程度不高,仅对声学信息有所反应,而不像母语者一样对声学信息和语言学信息进行加工。基于上述实验结果,我们认为二语韵律边界感知加工在权重线索策略层面受母语中声学线索的功能负荷影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The perception of prosodic boundaries is a crucial component of language processing. By utilizing different levels of prosodic boundaries, such as small phrases, phrases, and words, we can segment speech into linguistic units that align with the brain’s information processing. However, prosodic boundaries exhibit distinct language-specific characteristics, and second language learners may process them differently compared to native speakers.This study took English major senior undergraduates and native English speakers as participants. Through a combination of behavioral experiments and electroencephalography(ERP) techniques, the study investigated the recognition of 3 types of prosodic boundaries(i.e., sentences, phrases, and prosodic words) and the utilization of cue-weighting strategies by native Chinese speakers of English. The goal was to preliminarily reveal the cognitive mechanisms involved in prosodic boundary processing among second language learners.The results indicated that there was no significant difference between the two groups in recognizing boundaries between words and sentences. However, second language learners performed less accurately than native speakers with prosodic phrase boundaries which had different phonogical patterns between English and Chinese. This suggested that the perception of prosodic boundaries in the second language was influenced by the transfer of prosodic boundary patterns from their native language.Furtherly, the examination of cue-weighting strategies revealed that second language learners primarily relied on pauses, followed by duration, and placed less emphasis on pitch in the recognition of phrase boundaries.Under the solo-clue-condition, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of pause conditions. However, in lengthening conditions, second language learners performed less accurately than native speakers, while in pitch conditions performed better. Furthermore, ERP experiments demonstrated that second language learners exhibited an earlier Closure Positive Shift(CPS) distinct from that of native speakers. These findings suggest that second language learners have a lower level of automatization when processing prosodic phrase boundaries, as they primarily respond to acoustic information rather than integrating both acoustic and linguistic information, as native speakers do.Based on these experimental findings, we argued that the perception of prosodic boundaries in second language learners is influenced by the functional load of acoustic cues from their native language at the cue-weighting strategy level and less automatic than the native speakers.更多还原