【作者】 许维； 王梦寰； 王晨光； 江钟立； 高婧； 林枫；

【Author】 XU Wei;WANG Menghuan;WANG Chenguang;Sir Run Run Hospital,Nanjing Medical University;

【机构】 南京医科大学附属逸夫医院； 南京医科大学第一附属医院；

【摘要】 目的:随意呼吸是一种复杂的运动,需要大脑皮层、脑干、呼吸肌群共同参与,而大脑皮层在不同呼吸模式调控机制尚不清楚。本研究使用功能近红外光谱技术(functional near-infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS)检测不同呼吸模式下大脑皮层激活状态,探究随意呼吸动作的大脑调控机制。方法:招募健康男性7例和女性16例。f NIRS采集受试者执行吸气-屏气及吸气-缩唇呼气任务时脑血流动力学变化,比较两种呼吸任务下皮层激活情况。结果:受试者在吸气-屏气任务时,双侧初级运动皮层(BA4)、双侧运动前区/辅助运动区(BA6)、双侧背外侧前额叶皮层(BA46)、双侧额极区和眶额区(BA10,11)、双侧初级视觉皮层(BA17)、右侧初级躯体感觉皮层(BA1, 2, 3)、右侧额下回前部(BA47),以及左侧视觉联合皮层(BA18)显著激活。而缩唇呼气任务下脑皮层显著激活区在双侧额极区(BA10)和眶额区(BA11)。吸气-屏气任务相较缩唇呼气任务在右侧运动前区/辅助运动区(BA6)激活更强。结论:随意吸气后实施屏气或缩唇呼气动作是特殊的随意运动形式,特征性地表现为前额叶占主导的感觉运动皮层活动,并且在呼气肌等长收缩的屏气动作和等张收缩的缩唇呼气动作方面,存在进一步的中枢控制差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:Voluntary breathing constitutes a multifaceted movement involving the cerebral cortex,brainstem,and specific respiratory muscles.However,cortical mechanisms underlying different breathing patterns remain unclear.This study used functional near infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS) to identify activated regions within the cortex associated with different breathing patterns.This investigation explores the brain regulatory mechanisms involved in voluntary breathing movements.Method:Seven healthy males and sixteen females were recruited.FNIRS was employed to record the cerebral hemodynamic fluctuations in response to the inhale-hold and pursed-lip breathing tasks.The cortical activation patterns associated with these two tasks were analyzed.Result:During the inhale-hold task,significant activations were observed in the bilateral primary motor cortex(BA4),premotor/supplementary motor area(BA6),dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(BA46),frontal polar and orbitofrontal regions(BA10,11),primary visual cortex(BA17),right primary somatosensory cortex(BA1,2,3),right anterior inferior frontal gyrus(BA47),and the left visual association cortex(BA18).The bilateral frontal pole area(BA10) and orbitofrontal area(BA11) were found to be activated in the pursed-lip breathing task.The inhale-hold task showed stronger activation in the right premotor/supplementary motor area(BA6) than the pursed-lip breathing task.Conclusion:Breath holding,and pursed-lip breathing are special forms of voluntary movements.They are regulated by the sensorimotor cortex dominated by the prefrontal lobe.Differences in central control mechanisms of expiratory muscles driving,such as the isometric contractions of breath holding and the isotonic contractions of pursed-lip breathing.更多还原