【作者】 杨普香； 阮建云； 尹晓云； 曹挥华； 朱运华； 张贱根； 江新凤；

【Author】 YANG Pu-Xiang;RUAN Jian-yun;YIN Xiao-yun;CAO Hui-hu;ZHU Yun-hua;ZHANG Jian-gen;JIANG Xin-feng;Jjiangxi Sericulture and Tea Research Institute;Tea Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;

【机构】 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所； 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所；

【摘要】 土壤的养分含量是反映土壤肥培水平的重要指标,其大小能较好地表明土壤的供肥容量及保肥供肥能力。婺源、浮梁、遂川、修水是江西省四个茶叶主产县,为了解四县茶园土壤肥力水平及养分丰缺状况,建立江西省茶叶主产县茶园土壤数据库,2009～2010年,以四县集中连片1000亩以上的茶园为对象,取茶园土壤样品进行分析。从四县106只茶园土壤各种养分的分析结果看,江西茶园土壤养分状况表现出以下几个特点:(1)茶园土壤酸化较严重,所取茶园土壤pH值都在4.5以下,小于4.0的占72.0%,小于3.5的占26.4%;(2)土壤有机质含量较丰富,达到Ⅰ级茶园肥力指标的占66.0%,特别是高山茶园有机质含量较高,低丘和平地茶园含量稍低些;(3)氮、磷、钾三种主要营养元素丰缺不平衡,全氮水平尚好,有效磷含量偏低,仅32.1%的茶园达到Ⅰ级和高产优质茶园肥力指标,修水有48.3%的茶园含量低于设备最低检测限值,有效钾含量极低,达到Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级茶园肥力指标的只有15%;(4)有效铁、锰、锌和铜含量较丰富,有效镁、硫和硼含量偏低,有效镁和硫达到高产优质茶园土壤肥力指标的不到25%,有效硼含量达到高产优质茶园土壤肥力指标的只有11%,修水和遂川两县有78.8%的茶园土壤有效硼含量低于设备最低检测限值。由此可见,江西四个茶叶主产县的茶园土壤肥力已存在严重酸化和养分失调问题,如不及时采取相关措施,将影响江西省茶叶产量和品质。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is an important quota that nutrient content reflect on the level of soil fertility,its size is show that soil fertilizer capacity and protecting fertilizer ability.These are the mian county where Wuyuan,Fouliang,Suichuan and XiuShui in jiangxi province,In order to understand the four county tea garden soil fertility levels and nutrient abundant lack of status,To establish tea garden soil database in Jiangxi province,We take soil samples for analysis in tea garden where Wuyuan,Fouliang,Suichuan and XiuShui in 2009-2010,Which four county concentrated tea garden more than 1000 mu for object.Jiangxi tea plantation soil nutrient status in exhibits the following characteristics from four county 106 tea plantation soil nutrients analysis results,As follow:(1) Tea garden soil acidification is more serious,All of PH below 4.5,less than 4 of the 72%,less than 3.5 of the 26.4%.(2)The matter of the soil organic is rich,And it is fertility soil index for 66%,Especially in the high mountain tea garden,Low hills and flat tea plantation were slightly lower.(3)Three kinds of main nutrient elements of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium abundance imbalance,It is good that total nitrogen and available phosphorus content is low,only 32.1% of the tea garden reach the grade that have high yield and quality soil index,48.3% of tea content in Xiushui is lower than the minimum limit of detection equipment,It is extremely low that available potassium content,only 15%of the tea garde reaching Ⅰ or Ⅱ level of fertility soil.(4) The content is rich that effective iron,manganese,zinc and copper but teffective magnesium,sulfur and boron magnesium and sulfur content is low,It is less than 25% that effective to achieve a high yield and quality of tea garden soil fertility index,And the effective boron is only 11%,The county where Xushui and Suichuan has 78.8% tea garden soil effective boron content is lower than the minimum limit of detection equipment.From here we see that there has serious acidification and nutrient imbalance in tea advocate produce county of Jiangxi,if not timely to take the relevant measures,It will affect the yield and quality of tea in Jiangxi province.更多还原