【作者】 马建强； 王雪敏； 姚明哲； 金基强； 马春雷； 陈亮；

【Author】 MA Jian-qiang;WANG Xue-min;YAO Min-zhe;JIN Ji-qiang;MA Chun-lei;CHEN Liang;National Center for Tea Improvement/Tea Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;

【机构】 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所/国家茶树改良中心；

【摘要】 茶树世代周期长,自交不亲和,遗传组成高度异质杂合,利用常规育种方法培育新品种费时耗力。高质量的茶树遗传图谱,可以用于茶树基因组结构及遗传演化分析、数量性状位点定位、基因克隆,为分子标记辅助育种奠定良好的基础,对于加快茶树育种进程具有重要意义。我们在前期茶树种质资源遗传多样性与亲缘关系、农艺性状和制茶品质研究基础上,以茶(Camellia sinensis (L.) O.Kuntze)和白毛茶(C.sinensis var.pubilimba Chang)人工杂交构建F1作图群体,根据"双假测交"理论,利用SSR分子标记构建茶树遗传连锁图谱。从1164对SSR引物中筛选出266对适用于作图的SSR引物,其中138个位点在群体中呈现1:1分离,42个位点呈现1:2:1分离,86个位点呈现1:1:1:1分离,最终构建的遗传图谱包含15个连锁群,241个标记,覆盖基因组长度为1333.1 cM,平均图距为5.5 cM。已经系统观测两个亲本与F,群体重要农艺与品质等性状,目前正在增加遗传标记的数量、加密遗传连锁图谱,与分子标记连锁的数量性状位点(QTL)正在定位之中。更多还原

【Abstract】 Conventional breeding of tea plant is laborious and time-consuming,due to long generation,self-incompatibility and high heterozygosity.A saturated genetic map is a vital tool in the analysis of genome structure,genetic evolution,QTLs（Quantitative trait loci）,gene cloning and MAS（Marker assisted selection）,which may provide great potential for accelerating cultivar improvement programme in tea plant.Based on the analyses of genetic diversity and genetic relationship,agronomic traits,quality of made tea,an F₁ population is produced by a cross between one Camellia sinensis（L.） O.Kuntze cultivar and one C.sinensis var.pubilimba Chang germplasm with different desirable characteristics.SSR markers are employed and used to construct genetic map with pseudo-testcross strategy.In total,266 of 1164 SSR primer pair are found to be mappable.Among them,138 loci are segregated in accordance with the 1:1 proportion of Mendel’s segregation ratio,and 42 loci（1:2:1）,86 loci（1:1:1:1）.The resulting consensus map present 15 linkage groups with 241 SSR markers,spanning 1333.1 cM with an average distance between markers of 5.5 cM.更多还原