【作者】 殷秀兰； 郝爱兵；

【Author】 Yin Xiulan;Hao Aibing;China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring;

【机构】 中国地质环境监测院；

【摘要】 本文强调了新构造运动、气候以及人文活动等对全新世以来地质环境演变的重要作用。并系统地分析了:①新构造运动全新世以来的表现与西北地区特有的地理格局的关系及其对西北地区水文生态环境的影响;②全新世以来西北地区气候波动的总趋势及演化特征;③气候的极端事件对人文活动的影响等。提出由于新构造运动致使喜马拉雅山不断抬升,阻挡了来自印度洋之西南暖湿气流的浸润,使西北地区趋于干旱化,再加上人类活动的长期影响,使得西北地区全新世以来的地质环境发生了明显变化。进而总结出这一演变是以天然植被大多消失殆尽、水土流失不断加剧、土地沙漠化扩大、高山冰川雪线后退、冰雪储量减少、河流湖泊变化显著以及绿洲萎缩等为特征的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The paper summarizes the three important factors influencing the geological ecological environment since Holocene in the North-western China,which are Neo-tectonic movement,climate change and human-being’s activities.Basis on the analysis of the Neo-tectonic characteristics,the tendency of climate change and its impacting on the humanbeing activities and culture,we concluded that Neo-tectonic movement induced the uplifting of Himalayan mountain and obstructing the warm and west air-current from the Indian Ocean,which resulted in the evolution of dry climate in the North-western China.Moreover,the effects from human-being behavior and cultural migration for a long time leaded the obvious changes of geological ecological environment Main changes of geological ecological environment had happened since Holocene in the region as follows:1.All the natural vegetation are nearly disappeared;2.Water and soil erosion became more serious;3.Soil desertification became larger;4.Snow line of glacier shrink a lot;5.Rivers and lakes changed seriously;6.Oasis became smaller and smaller.更多还原