【作者】 张兵； 朱柳颖； 李红艳； 邓泽元；

【Author】 Zhang Bing;Zhu Liuying;Li Hongyan;Deng Zeyuan;State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource,Nanchang University;

【机构】 南昌大学食品科学与资源挖掘全国重点实验室；

【摘要】 母乳是婴儿喂养的黄金标准,也是大多数情况下新生儿可能获得的最佳营养。人乳低聚糖(HMO)是人乳中一组独特的低聚糖。近年来,人们对HMO的兴趣与日俱增,因为它们对婴儿健康的各个方面都有积极影响。HMO具有多种生理功能,包括建立平衡的婴儿肠道微生物群、增强胃肠道屏障、预防感染以及对免疫系统的潜在支持。然而,在临床应用中,大多数HMO都是人乳中特有的,很难分离和合成,而且成本高昂。在此,我们比较了人乳和其他哺乳动物乳汁中低聚糖的差异,并总结了获得HMOs的合成策略。此外,本文还对HMO作为新的食品功能性成分在不同疾病(如感染、坏死性小肠结肠炎、糖尿病和过敏症)中的潜在用途和分子机制进行了讨论。最后,讨论了HMO在基础研究和应用方面目前面临的挑战和未来前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Breast milk is the gold standard for infant feeding and the best nutrition a newborn can possibly receive in most cases.Human milk oligosaccharides(HMO) are a unique group of oligosaccharides in breast milk.Interest in HMO has grown in recent years due to their positive effects on various aspects of infant health.HMOs provide a variety of physiologic functions,including the establishment of a balanced infant’s gut microbiota,the strengthening of the gastrointestinal barrier,prevention of infections,and potential support to the immune system.However,for its clinical application,most HMO are specific to breast milk,which are difficult to separate and synthesize as well as high-cost.Here,we compare the differences of oligosaccharides in human and other mammalian milk and summarize the synthetic strategies to access HMOs.Additionally,the potential use and molecular mechanisms of HMO,as new food bioactive component in different diseases,such as infection,necrotizing enterocolitis,diabetes and allergy,are critically reviewed.Finally,this paper discusses the current challenges and future prospect of HMO in basic research and application.更多还原