【作者】 赵腾云； 杨雨石； 阴山燕；

【Author】 Zhao Tengyun;Yang Yushi;Yin Shanyan;Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,School of Management;

【机构】 天津中医药大学管理学院；

【摘要】 以进化论为基础的生命史理论为人类心理与行为研究提供了全新的视角,从个体生命历程的角度将生理和心理属性相统一,强调个体依据环境线索对有限的时间和资源进行适应性权衡。这一宏大且有待充实的理论体系有望为心理学中存在结果混淆或无法解释的命题,提供方法论的指引和整合性的应答。通过引文分析这一揭示引文数量特征和内在规律的定量研究方法,对追溯勾连生命史发展脉络,在扬弃的基础上推动未来革新性研究具有重要意义。本研究采用引文出版年光谱分析法和引文编年图分析法,分别从过往研究的参考文献和引证文献的角度出发,对web of science核心合集数据库中检索时间为1980-2022年,主题词为"life history"AND"psycholog*",关于生命史理论研究的595篇文献,进行全时域的探测。溯源结果表明,生命史理论的发展受到生物学、生态学、遗传学以及心理学等多学科的推动,大致经历了四个阶段,分别为潜伏期、萌芽期、发展期和应用完善期。1920年之前,生命史理论最早可回溯至进化论,但此时尚未被概念化,进化论向心理学的渗透为进化心理学和生命史理论的构建奠定了思想基础;1920年-1960年,多学科的交叉研究使进化论得以延续和完善,心理学理论中进化心理和生命史的思想有迹可循,有关生命史的原始框架逐渐形成;1960年-1980年,基础理论研究大量涌现,生命史理论在研究物种种间差异中首先被提出,物种生命史特征及生命史策略初具雏形,有关人类性别差异和性选择等的研究为生命史理论拓展至物种内特征研究起着先导作用。演化结果表明,1980年至今即进化心理学和生命史理论正式提出后,相关研究从零散的特征与结论提出逐步演化为完善理论体系的构架、生命史特征的测量和对人类心理或行为特征的探讨,研究内容由浅入深、由表及里。总体而言,生命史理论的起源与演化,蛰伏于进化心理学诞生的背景下,萌芽于物种间差异研究,推演至人类种群内心理与行为研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Evolution-based life history theory provides a new perspective for the study of human psychology and behavior,unifying physiological and psychological attributes from the perspective of the individual life course and emphasizing the adaptive trade-offs that individuals make with limited time and resources based on environmental cues.This ambitious and yet-to-be enriched theoretical system is expected to provide methodological guidance and integrated responses to propositions in psychology that have confusing or unexplained results.The quantitative research method of citation analysis,which reveals the characteristics and inner patterns of the number of citations,is essential for tracing the development of life history and promoting future innovative research based on sublation.The method of RPYS and HistCite are made on 595 literature about life history theory in the web of science core collection database,whose retrieval time is from 1980 to 2022,with the subject terms "life history" and "psycholog*",respectively,from the perspective of bibliographic references and citations of previous studies.The retrospective results show that the development of life history theory has been driven by multiple disciplines such as biology,ecology,genetics,and psychology,and has roughly gone through four stages,namely,the latent period,the budding period,the development period,and the application and refinement period.Before 1920,life history theory could be traced back to evolutionary theory.However,it had not yet been conceptualized,and the penetration of evolutionary theory into psychology laid the intellectual foundation for constructing evolutionary psychology and life history theory.From 1920 to 1960,the interdisciplinary research of evolutionary theory was continued and improved,the ideas of evolutionary psychology and life history in psychological theory were traced,and the original framework about life history was gradually formed.From 1960 to 1980,a large number of basic theoretical studies emerged.Life history theory was first proposed in the study of interspecies differences,and life history traits and life history strategies of species took shape.Studies on human sex differences and sexual selection,among others,have pioneered the extension of life history theory to the study of intra-species traits.The evolutionary results show that since 1980,when evolutionary psychology and life history theory were formally proposed,related research has gradually evolved from fragmented features and conclusions to the construction of a sound theoretical system,the measurement of life history features,and the exploration of human psychological or behavioral characteristics,with research content moving from the superficial to the profound.In general,the origins and evolution of life history theory lie in the context of the birth of evolutionary psychology,sprouting from the study of interspecies differences,and extrapolating to the study of psychology and behavior within human populations.更多还原