复合材料工字梁结构设计与分析

【作者】 刘世豪； 于佳；

【机构】 哈尔滨工程大学航天与建筑工程学院；

【摘要】 近年来,全球各地由于地震等自然因素的影响,形成了大量危房危桥,桥梁的安全性面临着巨大的考验,如何设计出安全稳固的桥梁成了亟待解决的工程问题。由于复合材料具有质量轻、强度高、可设计性强等一系列优点,因此复合材料逐渐渗透到桥梁制造应用方面。复合材料在桥梁上的应用最初集中在钢筋混凝土桥梁的修补与补强方面,现阶段,复合材料逐渐拓展到桥梁主承力结构的制造上,出现了全复合材料桥梁。工字梁是一种具有代表性的受力构件结构,也是梁式复合桥梁制作中一种普遍的结构形式,本文利用ANSYS有限元软件建立复合材料工字梁的模型,对其进行静力学分析,通过改变层合板铺层角度及铺层比,研究复合材料层合板的最大应力、最大位移等变化情况,根据蔡-吴张量失效准则最终设计出性能较为优越的结构;随后,对每一层的结构进行分析,探讨出每一层铺设角度对结构性能的影响;最后将设计出的复合材料工字梁与Q235材料工字钢梁的力学性能做对比,进一步阐述复合材料工字梁的特性,旨在设计出力学性能较强的复合材料工字梁结构,以期为超轻复合材料桥梁的设计和制造提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, due to the impact of natural factors such as earthquakes, a large number of dangerous buildings and Bridges have been formed all over the world. The safety of Bridges is facing a huge test. How to design safe and stable Bridges has become an urgent engineering problem to be solved.Composite materials have been widely used in bridge manufacturing because of their advantages of light weight, high strength and high design ability.At first,the application of composite materials in Bridges focused on the repair and reinforcement of reinforced concrete Bridges. At present, the composite materials gradually expanded to the manufacture of main bearing structures of Bridges, and the all-composite Bridges appeared.H beam is a kind of typical structure, mechanical components and composite beam Bridges made a kind of common structure form, this paper, by using ANSYS finite element software to establish a model of h beam of composite materials, the statics analysis, by changing the laminated board spreading layer and layer than the point of view, study of composite laminated plate, the change of the maximum stress and the maximal displacement,According to the Cai-Wu tensor failure criterion, the structure with better performance is finally designed.Then, the structure of each layer is analyzed, and the influence of laying Angle of each layer on the structural performance is discussed.Finally, the mechanical properties of the designed composite I-beam and the Q235 materialI-beam are compared to further elaborate the characteristics of the composite I-beam, aiming to design the composite I-beam structure with strong mechanical properties, in order to provide reference for the design and manufacture of ultra-light composite bridge.更多还原