【作者】 马菲； 薛冰冰； 戴荣健； 王旭；

【Author】 Ma Fei;Xue Bingbing;Dai Rongjian;Wang Xu;School of Qilu Transportation,Shandong University;

【机构】 山东大学齐鲁交通学院；

【摘要】 危化品车辆运输事故的发生与其企业内部经营管理具有强烈的相关性。为有效降低危化品运输车辆事故发生率,提高危化品运输企业监管效率,本文基于危化品运输企业特性,从驾驶绩效、车辆行驶状况、危化货物三个方面,选取11个指标构建企业风险评价体系,并利用熵权-TOPSIS方法确定各指标权重,实现运输企业风险画像。选取中国华东某省的危化运输企业进行实例验证,研究结果表明:①对企业风险影响较大的指标依次是行驶里程、疲劳预警次数、前碰撞次数以及注意力分散次数,说明车辆行驶状况以及驾驶绩效严重影响企业的运输业务经营状况;②按季度分析发现,2020年第一季度企业风险较低,相较其他年份第二、三、四季度风险处于较高水平,或与新冠疫情防控政策有关;③对于危化品运输企业而言,应加强驾驶员培训以及车辆检修保养,强化企业监管机制,降低企业运输及经营风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 The occurrence of hazardous chemical vehicle transportation accidents has a strong correlation with its company internal management.In order to effectively reduce the occurrence rate of accidents of hazardous chemical transport vehicles and improve the supervision efficiency of hazardous chemical transport enterprises,we conducted a risk profiling of transportation companies.Based on the characteristics of hazardous chemical transport companies,11 indicators were selected from three aspects of driving performance,vehicle trajectories and hazardous cargoes to build a company risk evaluation system.The Entropy weight-TOPSIS method was used to determine the weight of each indicator and realize the risk portrait of transport companies.The results of the study show that:①the indicators with greater impact on company risk are:driving mileage,number of fatigue warnings,number of forward collisions and number of distractions,which indicate that vehicle driving conditions and driving performance seriously affect the business situation of the company;②analysis of corporate risk by quarter shows that the risk in the first quarter of 2020 is lower,and the transport risk in other quarters is at a higher level compared with other years,which may be related to the COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control policy;③for hazardous chemical transport enterprises,the training of drivers and the maintenance of vehicles should be strengthened,and the supervision mechanism of enterprises should be enhanced to reduce the risk of business operation.更多还原