【作者】 姚明静； 杨杨； 范婧； 赵祥颖； 任丽琨； 边鑫； 邢童林； 朱鹏宇； 孙智慧； 张娜；

【Author】 Yao Mingjing;Yang Yang;Fan Jing;Zhao Xiangying;Ren Likun;Bian Xin;Xing Tonglin;Zhu Pengyu;Sun Zhihui;Zhang Na;Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province,College of Food Science and Engineering,Harbin University of Commerce;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food and Fermentation Engineering,Shandong Food Ferment Industry Research & Design Institute,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences);

【机构】 哈尔滨商业大学食品工程学院黑龙江省食品科学与工程重点实验室； 齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)山东省食品发酵工业研究设计院山东省食品发酵重点实验室；

【摘要】 随着人们生活水平的提高,血栓病患者呈逐渐增多的趋势。现有的血栓药物多存在着半衰期短、出血副作用等高风险缺陷,纳豆激酶作为一种可以直接溶解血栓的新型纤溶酶引起了人们的关注。纳豆激酶(Nattokinase,简称NK)(EC 3.4.21.62),是由Bacillus subtilis (natto)分泌的一种碱性丝氨酸蛋白酶,具有半衰期长、特异性强、副作用小、可直接口服等优点。本文结合近年来国内外的相关研究成果,详述了纳豆激酶的结构特征、纤溶活性和抗血栓活性的作用机制,总结了纳豆激酶在提高酶活性和稳定性,提升产量方面有关生产菌株选育、工程菌株改造以及培养基优化等方面的进展,阐述了纳豆激酶在医学领域应用的研究进展,最后对纳豆激酶应用面临的挑战和未来发展趋势进行了展望,以期为纳豆激酶的进一步研究提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the improvement of people s living standard,the number of patients with thromboembolism is increasing gradually.Most of the existing thrombotic drugs have defects such as short half-life and high risk of bleeding side effects.Nattokinase,as a new type of fibrinolytic enzyme that can directly dissolve thrombus,has attracted people s attention.Nattokinase(NK,EC 3.4.21.62),is an alkaline serine protease secreted by Bacillus subtilis(Natto).It has the advantages of long half-life,strong specificity,small side effects,and can be taken orally directly.Based on the related research results at home and abroad,the structure features of nattokinase,the fibrinolytic activity and the mechanism of action of antithrombotic activity of NK were described.Also,the hard work in improving NK activity and stability and increasing yields,such as strain breeding,strain transformation and medium optimization were also summarized,Moreover,the applications of nattokinase in the medical yield were expounded.Finally,the challenges and future development trends of nattokinase application were prospected in order to provide theoretical basis for further research on nattokinase.更多还原