【作者】 杨婧娴； 田晓荣； 常江； 陈博； 钟楠； 侯宛宛； 康世墨； 施春雷；

【Author】 Yang Jingxian;Tian Xiaorong;Chang Jiang;Chen Bo;Zhong Nan;Hou Wanwan;Kang Shimo;Shi Chunlei;School of Agriculture and Biology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University;

【机构】 上海交通大学农业与生物学院；

【摘要】 菌膜是金黄色葡萄球菌重要的毒力因子之一,对其感染能力及环境适应力具有重要作用。近年来,相关研究发现相较于游离态细菌,菌膜下的菌株显示出极高的消毒剂及抗生素耐受性。一般而言,金黄色葡萄球菌菌膜的形成过程主要分为四个阶段:细菌粘附、细菌增殖、菌膜成熟及菌膜扩散。在细菌粘附阶段,豆蔻精油、木糖醇和异噻唑酮联合治疗等能够通过抑制促粘附的表面蛋白如细胞壁锚定蛋白的形成以降低细胞与粘附表面间的疏水相互作用、静电相互作用等达到降低菌膜形成的作用;在细菌增殖阶段,茶树精油、香叶醇-头孢噻肟联合治疗等能够通过抑制促稳细胞间相互作用的因子如FnBPs,ClfB等的表达或抑制介导细胞间聚集的多糖胞间粘附素、酚溶性调制蛋白等的合成达到抑制细菌聚集减少菌膜形成的作用;在菌膜成熟阶段,功能性纳米颗粒、三苯醚诺考酮等能够破坏胞外基质中的多糖、蛋白或核酸的结构和功能从而破坏菌膜结构稳定性达到清楚菌膜的作用。通过比较分析发现,细菌初始黏附阶段是目前最为有效的菌膜抑制剂作用时间点,这可能是因为该阶段的菌膜作用力最小,有利于菌膜的合成抑制及清除。综上所述,本研究以金黄色葡萄球菌菌膜形成的不同阶段为分类依据,对目前菌膜抑制剂的相关报道进行了总结分析,以期为菌膜抑制剂的进一步研究及开发提供必要信息及思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Biofilm is one of the important virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus and plays an important role in its infectivity and environmental adaptability.In recent years,it has been found that strains in the biofilm show extremely high disinfectant and antibiotic resistance compared to free bacteria.In general,the process of S.aureus biofilm formation is divided into four stages:bacterial adhesion,bacterial proliferation,biofilm maturation and biofilm diffusion.In the stage of bacterial adhesion,cardamom essential oil,xylitol and isothiazolone combination therapy can reduce the biofilm formation by inhibiting the formation of pro-adhesive surface proteins such as cell wall anchoring proteins to reduce the hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions between the cells and the adherent surface.At the stage of bacterial proliferation,tea tree essential oil,geraniolcefotaxime combination therapy can reduce the formation of biofilm by inhibiting the formation of pro-stable intercellular interactions such as FnBPs.At the stage of bacterial proliferation,tea tree essential oil and ceftizoxime can inhibit the expression of factors that promote intercellular interaction such as ClfB,or inhibit the synthesis of polysaccharide intercellular adhesins and phenol-soluble modulating proteins that mediate intercellular aggregation to inhibit bacterial aggregation and reduce biofilm formation.At the stage of biofilm maturation,functional nanoparticles and triamcinolone can disrupt the structure and function of polysaccharides,proteins or nucleic acids in the extracellular matrix,then destabilizing the biofilm structure.Through these articles,it was found that the initial adhesion stage of bacteria is the most effective time point for the action of biofilm inhibitors,which may be due to the fact that the biofilm at this stage has the least force and is conducive to the inhibition of biofilm synthesis and removal.In conclusion,this study summarized and analyzed the reports of biofilm inhibitors based on the different stages of biofilm formation of S.aureus,in order to provide necessary information and ideas for further research and development of biofilm inhibitors.更多还原