【作者】 李庆荣； 廖森泰； 邢东旭； 肖阳； 杨琼；

【Author】 Li Qiongrong;Liao Sentai;Xing Dongxu;Xiao Yang;Yang Qiong;Sericulture and Agri-Food Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in South China,Ministry of Agriculture;

【机构】 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所； 农业部华南都市农业重点实验室；

【摘要】 磷和钾是作物生长必须的营养元素。目前我国土壤中磷钾元素主要以难溶性形式存在,作物可利用率低。微生物在土壤的磷钾循环利用中起着重要作用,能将难溶的磷钾元素释放出来供作物吸收利用。利用选择性培养基从蚕沙堆肥发酵高温期中筛选获得到一批具有溶磷解钾活性的菌株,并对其中10株进行了分类鉴定和溶磷解钾能力分析。结果表明:这10株蚕沙分离菌分别为产气肠杆菌、巨大芽孢杆菌、沙福芽孢杆菌、短小芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌,对逆境有一定的耐受性,都可以在50℃高温和p H 5～9间生长,其中有3株枯草芽孢杆菌能耐受7%NaCl培养。巨大芽孢杆菌OP6具有较强的释放磷酸钙中磷的能力,而除OP3外的其他9株芽孢杆菌均有较强的释放钾长石粉中钾的能力。研究结果部分解析了蚕沙有机肥肥效的微生物学基础,也为后续开发功能微生物菌提供了素材。更多还原

【Abstract】 Phosphorus and potassium are essential nutrients for crop growth.The largest proportions of P and K in soils are insoluble forms and crop availability is low.Microorganisms play an important role in the recycling of phosphorus and potassium in soil,which can release the undissolved phosphorus and potassium elements for crop absorption and utilization.With selective medium,a group of thermophilic microbes were isolated from silkworm excrement.Within then,10 strains isolated had been classified and the identification of soluble phosphorus releasing ability analysis.From silkworm litter compost fermentation temperature mid-term screening for a batch of dissolved phosphorus releasing from active strains,the results showed that the 10 strains were belong to Enterobacter aerogenes,Bacillus safensis,Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus subtilis respectively.The 10 strains had high temperature and pH tolerances,could grow at 50 ℃ and pH 5 to 9.Three isolates are salt tolerant to 7% NaCl.Within the 10 strains,OP6 can solubilize inorganic P,the other nine isolates exhibited better ability at K solubilization.These data serve as a reference to clarify the microbial basis of the organic fertilizer efficacy of silkworm excrement,and it also provides material for the subsequent development of functional microbial bacteria.更多还原