【作者】 陈燕； 朱玺燊； 杨雅婷； 浦仕献； 刘林； 段静蓉； 李成云；

【Author】 Chen Yan;Zhu Xishen;Yang Yating;Pu Shixian;Liu Lin;Duan Jingrong;Li Chengyun;State Key Laboratory for conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan,Yunnan Agricultural University;

【机构】 省部共建云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室云南农业大学；

【摘要】 空气中的许多真菌是重要致敏源,本研究采用扩增子测序技术对昆明北部近3年25个样品中的主要致敏真菌进行了研究,并对32种气传致敏真菌进行了丰度及季节性变化的系统分析,包括6种曲霉(Aspergillus)、5种链格孢(Alternaria)、2种青霉(Penicillium)以及枝孢芽枝菌(Cladosporium cladosporioides)、灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)、黑附球菌(Epicoccum nigrum)、胶红酵母(Rhodotorula mucilaginosa)、白色假丝酵母(Candida albicans)。其中相对丰度高于1%真菌是黑附球菌(19.54%)、细极链格孢(6.92%)、枝状芽枝菌(6.13%)、灰葡萄孢(1.15%);各种真菌的月平均相对丰度与出现频率之间呈极显著正相关(R2=0.849, P值<0.001)。12种致敏真菌在所有样品中都能检测到,仅3种链格孢的相对丰度为夏季显著高于秋季,表明这些真菌的风险可能常年都存在。真菌的相对丰度与气象因素指标的相关性分析结果表明不同真菌的丰度与不同气象因子的相关性不同,14个属中,有9个属的真菌,其相对丰度与当地气象因子无显著相关性。真菌的相对丰度与当地空气质量指标的相关性分析结果表明链格孢的相对丰度与每月O3总量呈极显著正相关;枝孢属和根霉属的相对丰度均与每月平均空气质量指数及每月PM10总量呈显著正相关;其丰度可加入本地PM10评价指标中,其余各属的相对丰度与各项空气质量指标之间无显著相关性,表明这些真菌对昆明的大气条件有很好的适应性。这些研究结果可为气传真菌变态反应性疾病的预防提供参考,也为相关领域的研究者提供新的研究思路和方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Airborne fungi is one of the important allergens. In this study, amplicon sequencing technique were introduced to analyse airborne microbial samples, as a result, 32 allergic fungal species were detected, in-cluding 6 species of Aspergillus, 5 species of Alternaria, 2 species of Penicillium, Cladosporium cladosporioides,Botrytis cinerea, Epicoccum nigrum, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Candida albicans. The top 4 highest abun-dance species are Epicoccum nigrum, Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium cladosporioides and Botrytis cinerea, their average relative abundance are 19. 54%, 6. 92%, 6. 13% and 1. 15%, respectively. There was a signifi-cant positive correlation between the average relative abundance of various fungi and the occurrence frequency with R² equal to 0. 849 and P value less than 0. 001. There is no significant seasonal dynamics for majority of the 12 species which perennial exist in the air except three Alternaria which relative abundance is significantly higher in summer than in autumn. Correlation analysis between the relative abundance of fungi and meteorologi-cal factors indicate that the relative abundance of a specific fungi are affected by different meteorological factors, and for 9 genus from 14, there is no significant correlation between their relative abundance and meteorological factors. Correlation analysis between the relative abundance of fungi and air quality indicators showed that the relative abundance of Alternaria is significantly positively correlated with mO₃; both of the relative abundances of Cladosporium are significant positive correlation monthly AQI and mPM10, and the same for Rhizopu; there is no significant correlation between the relative abundance of other genera and various air quality indicators. The re-sult of this study could provide reference for the prevention of allergic diseases caused by airborne fungi, provide new research insights and methods for related researchers, as well.更多还原