【作者】 杨浩瑜； 邓洪； 刘惠见； 熊荟菁； 张乃明； 包立；

【Author】 DENG Hong;LIU Huijian;HUANG Weiheng;Xiong Huijing;ZHANG Naiming;BAO Li;Yunnan Agricultural University;Yunnan Soil Fertility and Pollution Remediation Engineering Laboratory;ZJAMP Innovation Technology CO., LTD;

【机构】 云南农业大学资源与环境学院； 云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程实验室；

【摘要】 向日葵是我国重要的经济作物,其生物量大,对重金属污染土壤有一定的富集特性,作为植物修复材料有很大的潜力。同时,镉胁迫下向日葵对镉的吸收累积及其生理响应尚未明确,限制了向日葵的安全生产。因此,本研究以全国各地广泛种植的40个向日葵品种为材料,采用水培试验,设置0mg/L、1mg/L、2mg/L、5mg/L4个Cd浓度处理,筛选耐镉向日葵品种,再用水培筛选出的耐镉品种在采自会泽、个旧、兰坪三个矿区污染农田土壤中进行小区模拟试验,研究向日葵对土壤中镉吸收累积的基因型差异,从中筛选出低吸收累积镉的向日葵品种。结果表明:(1)水培试验中,向日葵在不同镉胁迫下,株高、根长以及植株干重受到不同程度的影响,镉胁迫抑制向日葵的生长和叶绿素的合成,初步筛选出NX65001、G101、S777、C200、C150、C157、C18这七个品种向日葵对镉具有一定的耐受能力;(2)小区模拟试验结果表明,不同向日葵品种各器官对同一土壤中镉吸收差异明显,其中C157在24.66 mg/kg Cd污染的会泽土壤环境中种植,籽粒Cd含量达0.7726mg/kg,超出了食品安全国家标准限值(0.5mg/kg)54.52%;(3)向日葵对重金属Cd的吸收和积累除受基因型控制外,土壤环境因素也在很大程度上影响重金属Cd在向日葵体内的积累,综合向日葵在3种土壤环境中的长势、植株Cd含量及籽粒富集系数和转运系数,筛选出S777为低吸收累积Cd的向日葵品种;更多还原

【Abstract】 Sunflower is an important economic crop in China, and its biomass is large,which has certain enrichment characteristics for heavy metal contaminated soil. It has great potential as a plant restoration material. At the same time, the toxic effect of cadmium on sunflower and the genotype differential mechanism of sunflower’s accumulation and tolerance of cadmium have not been clarified, which has limited the safety production of sunflower. Therefore, this research widely planted 40 sunflower varieties around the country as materials, using hydroponic experiment, set 0 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 2 mg/L, 5 mg/L 4 Cd concentration processing, screening resistance to cadmium sunflower varieties with hydroponic screening varieties of resistance to cadmium in huize,gejiu,lanping, three mining area in farmland soil pollution plot simulation test, study of sunflower’s absorption of cadmium in soil accumulation of genotype differences, sifting low absorption of cadmium accumulation of sunflower varieties, The results showed that:(1) The hydroponic experiment results show that after 15 days training, 40 varieties of sunflower under cadmium stress, the plant height, root length and dry weight of plant is affected by the different degree, restrain the growth of the sunflower and the synthesis of chlorophyll under cadmium stress. Under the stress of 5 mg/L Cd, a quarter of the sunflower varieties dead, preliminary screening NX65001, G101, S777, C200, C150,C157, C18 these seven varieties of sunflower have certain tolerance to cadmium;(2) The simulation test results show that different species in different organs of the same soil cadmium absorption differences apparent, sunflower seed difference of 3.6 times the Cd content, and C157 was planted in 24.66 mg/kg of Cd polluted soil of huize, the grain Cd content up to 0.7726 mg/kg, is beyond the limit value for national food safety standards(0.5 mg/kg) 54.52%; Sunflower for Cd absorption and accumulation of heavy metals in addition to the controlled by genotype, environmental factors of the soil is to a large extent influence the accumulation of heavy metal Cd in the sunflower, according to the growth potential of sunflowers in these three soil environments, the content of the plant CD, as well as the accumulation coefficient and operation coefficient of the grain,screened the s777 as low absorption S777 for Cd accumulation of sunflower varieties.更多还原