【作者】 李明明； 杨雅雅； 聂江； 刘晓娟； 杨舒茗； 肖松涛； 刘栎锟； 欧阳应根；

【Author】 Li Mingming;Yang Yaya;Nie Jiang;Liu Xiaojuan;Yang Shuming;Xiao Songtao;Ouyang Yinggen;China Institute of Atomic Energy;

【机构】 中国原子能科学研究院；

【摘要】 三价镧系Ln(Ⅲ)和三价锕系元素An(Ⅲ)的分离是高放废液"分离-嬗变"的关键步骤之一,是先进核燃料循环体系的重要体现。含氮杂环萃取剂因对锕系元素选择性好,且满足"CHON原则"而受到重视,其中邻菲啰啉类萃取剂相对于联吡啶类萃取剂拥有刚性骨架结构,其预组织特性使其与金属离子形成的配合物热力学稳定性高,萃取效率高。本文概述了用于分离Am(Ⅲ)/Eu(Ⅲ)的邻菲啰啉衍生物萃取剂,包括单边取代类萃取剂和含氮杂环取代、酰胺取代、磷酸取代等双边取代类萃取剂的分离特性,评价了此类萃取剂在硝酸溶液中的稳定性,总结了相应萃取剂的萃取机理,分析了取代基对萃取性能的影响,以期对分离Am(Ⅲ)/Eu(Ⅲ)邻菲啰啉衍生物萃取剂的性能设计提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The partitioning of the trivalent lanthanides Ln(Ⅲ) and trivalent actinides An(Ⅲ) is the crucial step of "Partitioning-Transmutation" and essential manifestation in the advanced nuclear fuel cycle system.Extractants such as nitrogen-containing heterocyclics attract much attention for its ability to selectively extract An(Ⅲ) and satisfying CHON principle,among which the extractants bearing phenanthroline have rigid skeleton comparing to extractant bearing bipyridine.The pre-organized property of phenanthroline-derivative extractant makes it form dynamic stable complexes with metal ions.The development of extractants bearing 1,10-phenanthroline as the skeleton,including unilateral substitution extractant and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic substituted,amide substituted,phosphoric acid substituted extractant,its stability in the nitric acid media and extraction performance are reviewed in the paper.The extraction mechanism and the rule of substitution affecting extraction performance is illuminated,looking forward to providing reference for the extractant design in the separation of actinides and lanthanides.更多还原