【作者】 何皓轩； 吴明； 魏雨泉； 刘勇迪； 于博； 李季；

【Author】 He Haoxuan;Wu Ming;Wei Yuquan;Liu Yongdi;Yu Bo;Li Ji;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University;China Agricultural University, Organic Recycling Research lnstitute (Suzhou);Shandong Yin Xiang Wei Ye Co., Ltd;

【机构】 中国农业大学资源与环境学院； 中国农业大学有机循环研究院(苏州)； 山东银香伟业集团有限公司；

【摘要】 灭菌过程作为餐厨废弃物饲料化不可或缺的一环,其工艺还存在着很大的优化空间,目前方法的不同导致灭菌能耗高、灭菌效果不彻底等问题亟待解决。筛选优化餐厨废弃物的灭菌方式,对提高餐厨废弃物饲料化工艺的经济效益、减少能源损耗至关重要。本研究通过对比欧姆加热、微波、高压蒸汽3种不同方式的灭菌效果和耗电量,得出欧姆加热灭菌为餐厨废弃物最佳灭菌技术,并在单因素实验的基础上,选择灭菌温度、电场强度以及体积占比为影响因素,以餐厨废弃物灭菌率（Y₁）、灭菌工艺耗电量（Y₂）为响应值,利用Box-Behnken实验设计建立数学模型,进行响应面分析,对欧姆加热灭菌工艺进行优化。结果表明:3个因素对餐厨废弃物中微生物灭菌效果的影响大小顺序为灭菌温度>体积占比>电场强度;对灭菌耗电量的影响大小顺序为物料占比>电场强度>灭菌温度。当灭菌温度为73℃、电场强度为20 V/cm,物料占比为60%时,对餐厨废弃物灭菌效果以及耗电量达到最优,分别为99.63%、0.096 kW·h,与模型预测值相近,相对误差分别为0.098%、3.24%,拟合情况良好。更多还原

【Abstract】 The sterilization process is an indispensable part of the kitchen waste feed conversion, and there is still a lot of room for optimization of the process. The different methods at present lead to high energy consumption of sterilization, incomplete sterilization effect and other problems to be solved urgently. Screening a sterilization method suitable for kitchen waste, which is beneficial to improve the economic benefit of kitchen waste feed process, reduce energy consumption. In this experiment, by comparing the sterilization effect and power consumption of ohmic heating, microwave and autoclaving, it is concluded that ohmic heating sterilization is the best sterilization technology for kitchen waste, and its process is optimized. On the basis of single factor experiment, the sterilization temperature, electric field intensity and volume ratio were selected as the influencing factors, and the sterilization rate of kitchen waste(Y1) and electricity consumption of sterilization process(Y2) were taken as the response values. The mathematical model was established by Box-Behnken experimental design to conduct response surface analysis. The results showed that the order of the influence of the three factors on the sterilization effect of kitchen waste was sterilization temperature>volume ratio>electric field intensity. The order of the influence on the electricity consumption of sterilization is: material proportion>electric field intensity>sterilization temperature. When the sterilization temperature is 73 ℃,the electric field intensity is 20 V/cm, and the material proportion is 60%, the sterilization effect and power consumption of kitchen waste reach the optimal value, which are 99. 63% and 0. 096 kW·h, respectively, which are close to the predicted value of the model, and the relative error is 0. 098% and 3. 24%, respectively. The degree of fitting is good.更多还原