【作者】 胡睿； 肖少北；

【Author】 Hu Rui;Xiao Shaobei;Academy of Psychology,Hainan Normal University;

【机构】 海南师范大学心理学院；

【摘要】 词切分是指读者在文本阅读过程中将词从句子或语篇中切分出来,以促进文本阅读与加工的过程。由于中文与西文在书写形态和语言学特征上差异巨大,因此汉语词切分的机制有其独有特点。本文对近20年来汉语阅读过程中词切分研究成果进行总结发现:词间空格作为视觉线索可以帮助读者进行词切分;词素熟悉性和词素位置作为词素单元层级上的切分依据可以和词间空格共同作用于词切分;词意识作为读者在长期阅读基础上形成的词切分依据受到词性的调节;词汇预期作为高水平语言因素可作为词切分的依据影响正常阅读中早期的词汇预视加工;汉语阅读中存在两种词切分现象,一种发生在词n处,另一种发生在词n+1处,两种切分过程中字词加工均遵循交互激活假设,切分词n反映注视阶段的字词加工,在这个过程中字词加工的交互激活特点表现为字词同等相互影响,符合词汇加工晚期阶段精确识别词汇细节的特点;切分词n+1反映预视阶段的字词加工,在这个过程中字词加工的交互激活特点更多表现为词汇加工影响字加工,符合词汇加工早期阶段从整体上粗略识别词汇的特点;重叠歧义词切分遵循多重激活假设,其中被激活单词之间的竞争机制符合竞争假设,左侧词汇在这一竞争中具有优势,此外,重叠歧义词的切分受到词频,语境的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Word segmentation refers to the process by which readers segment words from sentences or sentences in the process of text reading to facilitate text reading and processing. Due to the huge differences in writing morphology and linguistic characteristics between Chinese and Western languages, the mechanism of Chinese word segmentation has its own characteristics. This article summarizes the research results of word segmentation in the process of Chinese reading in the past 20 years and found that spaces between words can help children, adults and international students to learn words as a visual cue; Morpheme familiarity and morpheme position as the basis for segmentation at the morpheme unit level can act together with the space between words in word segmentation; Word consciousness as the basis for word segmentation formed by readers on the basis of long-term reading is adjusted by the syntactic categories of words; Vocabulary expectations, as a high-level language factor, can be used as a basis for word segmentation to affect the early vocabulary preview processing in reading; There are two word segmentation phenomena in Chinese reading, one occurs at word n, and the other occurs at word n + 1. The interactive activation feature of word processing in the process of segmenting word n is manifested in that character processing and word processing are equally affected by each other, and the interactive activation feature of word processing in the process of segmenting word n + 1 is more manifested as word processing affecting character processing; overlapping ambiguous word segmentation exists on the left Segmentation preference, moreover lapping ambiguous word segmentation is affected by word frequency and context.更多还原