【作者】 马鹏； 何必凯； 赵守盈；

【Author】 Ma Peng;He Bikai;Zhao Shouying;School of Psychology,Guizhou Normal University;Guiyang Institute of information technology;

【机构】 贵州师范大学心理学院； 贵阳信息科技学院；

【摘要】 核心自我评价是指个体对自身所持有的基准的评价,是相对稳定且基础的、涉及对自我的一种认知与评价。当大学生对自我的评价趋于负向,会转向其他媒介以寻求支持,而使用手机是大学生极易用来转移的方式,久而久之容易形成手机成瘾。手机成瘾不仅是一种人际关系的补偿,也是人格-情感-认知-执行在环境下交互作用的结果,手机成瘾要经过这四个因素,产生满足感才导致补偿效应的出现。手机过度使用后产生疲劳感,往往精力分散,容易心不在焉;也有可能长时间注意力集中在手机提供的刺激中,无法迁移到当前的活动,使大学生在完成那些平日中能够胜任的简单任务时出现的错误,尤其是容易被当前无关刺激所产生的想法或行为分散,从而忽略正在进行的活动,过度的认知资源消耗,导致无法全身心投入学习和任务中,精力损耗、身心耗竭。综上所述,核心自我评价和手机成瘾、认知失败存在一定的关系。焦虑情绪作为一种负向情绪,会有效的影响对资源的合理分配以及对周围世界的认知,因此可以探讨焦虑在上述三者间的关系。研究使用核心自我评价量表、手机成瘾量表、认知失败量表和焦虑量表,共收回596份有效大学生数据。采用Harman单因子检验,首因子解释率为36.10%,低于40%,共同方法不严重。各变量间相关在-0.55～0.60之间(均p<0.01)。采用process3.0进行条件过程模型分析,结果表明,手机成瘾在核心自我评价和认知失败间其中介作用,中介作用占总效应的37.96%;焦虑在中介模型中的直接路径上起调节效应显著(β=0.26,p<0.001),研究采用J-N检验更精确刻画调节变量对中介模型的影响,结果发现,当调节变量的取值在0.7994～2.7325个标准差之间时,调节效应不显著,也就是说当焦虑水平处于中等偏上时,对中介模型不具备调节作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Core self-evaluation refers to an individual’s evaluation of the benchmark held by himself. It is a relatively stable and basic cognitive and evaluation. When college students’ self-evaluation tends to negative, they will turn to media to seek support. It is easy for students to form phone addiction as time passes. Mobile phone addiction is not only a kind of compensation of interpersonal interaction, but also the result of the interaction-emotion-cognitive-execution in the environment. Overuse of mobile phone will cause fatigue, often scattered energy and easy to absent-minded. In addition, college students may focus their attention on the stimulus provided by the mobile phone for a long time, and unable to transform to the current activity, which eventually leads to college students mistakes in completing simple tasks, especially being easily distracted by thoughts or behaviors generated by irrelevant stimuli at the moment. This further leads to excessive cognitive resource consumption, and college students are unable to devote themselves to study and tasks, resulting in energy loss and physical exhaustion.In conclusion, core self-evaluation has a certain relationship with mobile phone addiction and cognitive failure.Especially, as a negative emotion, anxiety can effectively affect the reasonable allocation of resources, and the cognition of the world. Therefore, it’s necessary to explore the relationship between anxiety and the above three factors. Totally 596 valid data of college students were collected by using the Score Self-Evaluation Scale, the Mobile Phone Addiction Scale, the Cognitive Failure Scale and Anxiety Scale. Harman single factor has been used to test common method bias. And result showed that the explanatory rate of the first factor was 36.10%, that is to say, the common method bias was not serious. The correlation among the variables ranged from-0.55 to 0.60(all p<0.01).process 3.0 was used to analyze the conditional process model. The results showed that mobile phone addiction mediated the relationship between core self-evaluation and cognitive failure, which accounted for 37.96% of the total effect. Anxiety had a significant moderating effect on the direct path of the mediation model(β=0.26, P <0.001). J-N test was further used to accurately describe the influence of moderating variable on the mediation model. The results indicated that when the value of the moderating variable is between 0.7994 and 2.7325 standard deviation, the moderation effect is not significant. That is to say, when the anxiety is above the level of average, it didn’t have a moderating effect on the mediation model.更多还原