【作者】 应梦婷； 江光荣；

【Author】 YING Mengting;JIANG Guangrong;Department of Psychology,College of Health Science,Wuhan Sports University;Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU),Ministry of Education,School of Psychology,Central China Normal University,Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province;

【机构】 武汉体育学院健康科学学院心理学系； 青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室华中师范大学心理学院湖北省人的发展与心理健康重点实验室；

【摘要】 目的:探讨自杀意念者与自杀尝试者在自杀相关心理意象上的差异及其对自杀意念者与自杀尝试者的区分作用。方法:从某市1家综合医院精神科及2家精神专科医院筛查近一年内有自杀意念或自杀尝试的住院大学生共143人。参考Holmes等人(2007)和Crane等人(2012)的研究,用8个条目测量被试近一年内有自杀想法时的自杀想象频率、内容及其相关特征,用3个条目分别测量被试在进行自杀相关想象时体验到的关联痛苦感、舒适感、麻木感,并采用自杀情况量表、Zung氏抑郁自评量表、Marlowe-Crowne社会称许性量表进行施测。采用独立样本t检验、二分类及有序多分类Logistic回归对数据进行分析。结果:(1)自杀意念组与自杀尝试组在自杀相关想象的频率上差异显著(t=5.11,p<0.001);在自杀想象的内容上,自杀尝试组对过去自杀行为(t=7.43,p<0.001)和未来自杀过程(t=7.49,p<0.001)的想象显著高于自杀意念组,但在死后世界和他人反应上,两组的想象水平无差异;在进行自杀相关想象时,自杀尝试组的真实感更高(t=5.29,p<0.001),且伴随的舒适情绪更高(t=5.81,p<0.001)。(2)在控制抑郁和自杀意图的影响后,自杀想象频率、自杀想象内容、自杀想象相关联的情绪均对自杀行动与否有显著的区分作用,OR值提示自杀想象频率每增加一个单位,自杀尝试发生的风险提高1.57倍;对过去行为的想象每增加一个单位,自杀尝试的风险提高3.48倍,而对未来自杀过程的想象每增加一个单位,自杀尝试风险提高3.20倍;自杀想象时的舒适情绪每增加一个单位,自杀尝试的风险提高1.86倍,而麻木感每增加一个单位,自杀尝试风险提高1.34倍。(3)这些差异变量还对自杀行为次数有正向预测作用,自杀想象频率越高、对过去自杀行为和未来自杀过程的想象越多、自杀想象时的情绪体验越舒适,自杀尝试的次数越多。结论:与自杀意念者相比,自杀尝试者有更频繁的自杀相关想象,想象内容上更多涉及自杀过程,想象时的真实感更强,并伴随更多的舒适情绪,这些差异变量能对自杀意念者与自杀尝试者进行区分。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study aims to explore the effects of mental imagery about suicide on differentiating suicide attempters from suicide ideators. We explored the differences in suicide-related imagery between suicide ideators and suicide attempters, as well as how the these differences distinguish suicide attempters from suicide ideators. A total of 143 psychiatric inpatients from a general hospital psychiatric department and two psychiatric hospitals were invited to complete the questionnaire. All of the participants are college students and had suicidal ideation or attempts in the past year. The results show that:(1) There are differences in suicidal imagery frequency, content, and related characteristics between suicide ideators and suicide attempters. Compared with suicide ideators, suicide attempters have more mental imagery about the implementation process of past and future suicide attempt, with higher level of sense of realness and related comfort feelings.(2) Logistic regression analysis shows that, differences in suicidal imagery frequency, content, and related emotions can distinguish suicide attempters from suicide ideators, even after controlling the effects of depression and suicide intent.(3) These differences are also significantly related to the frequency of suicide attempts. Higher level of suicidal imagery frequency, content, especially mental imagery about suicide process, with more related comfort feelings predict higher frequency of suicide attempts.更多还原