【作者】 应梦婷； 江光荣；

【Author】 YING Mengting;JIANG Guangrong;Department of Psychology,College of Health Science,Wuhan Sports University;Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU),Ministry of Education,School of Psychology,Central China Normal University,Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province;

【机构】 武汉体育学院健康科学学院心理学系； 青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室华中师范大学心理学院湖北省人的发展与心理健康重点实验室；

【摘要】 目的:过往研究发现,结果预期思考能影响行为意图形成。在自杀研究领域,目前尚无研究从结果预期思考的角度同时考察自杀理由和生存理由之间,或自杀/不自杀的积极/消极结果之间如何共同影响个体自杀意图的形成。本研究旨在探讨个体有关自杀的各种结果预期对自杀意图的影响及合理性评估在其中的中介作用,并且,由于不同结果预期模式(如只考虑死,不考虑生)对自杀意图的影响可能不同,故进一步探索自杀结果预期思考的潜在类别,从个体层面考察不同结果预期模式对自杀意图的影响。方法:通过问卷筛查,选取过去一年内至少有一次自杀意念的大学生为被试,共510人。采用自编自杀结果预期思考量表(编制过程为另一研究,量表具有良好的信效度)、Zung氏抑郁自评量表、自杀情况量表、自杀意图测量、自杀合理性量表进行施测,对共同方法偏差进行控制。采用多元层级回归分析和潜在剖面分析(LPA)分别对数据进行分析。结果和结论:(1)自杀结果预期的负强化、正强化通过合理性评估的完全中介作用正向预测自杀意图;负面结果和自杀损失负向预测自杀意图,合理性评估分别起到完全和部分中介作用。(2)根据个体在自杀结果预期四个维度上的得分模式,可将其分为低冲突型、中等冲突型、满怀顾虑型、高冲突型、一心向死型。其中,满怀顾虑型和低冲突型通过合理性评估影响自杀意图的中介效应最低,一心向死型最高;高冲突型比中等冲突型和一心向死型低,比满怀顾虑型高,但和低冲突型无明显差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study aims to explore the impact of prefactual thinking about suicide outcomes on suicide intent and its mechanisms. We used a questionnaire survey, 510 college students with suicidal ideation were selected from six regions of the country. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted. In addition, from the perspective of‘person-centered’, we used latent profile analysis(LPA) to further explore the potential patterns of prefactuals regarding suicide outcomes and the impacts of different kinds of prefactual thinking on suicide intent. Results show that:(1) Both negative reinforcement of suicide and positive reinforcement of suicide have a positive predictive effect on suicide intent. And this effect is fully mediated by the evaluative rationality of suicide. In addition, negative outcomes and loss of suicide have negative effect on suicide intent. Specifically, the influence of negative outcomes is completely mediated by the rationality of suicide, while the influence of the loss of suicide is partly mediated by the rationality of suicide.(2) By using LPA, students who have suicidal ideation usually have five latent types of prefactual thinking: ‘low-conflict’, ‘moderate-conflict’, ‘full of concerns’, ‘high-conflict’, and ‘determined about death’. These five latent types of prefactuals have different effects on suicide intent. Among them, the rationality of suicide has the strongest mediating effect on suicide intent for the type of ‘determined about death’, followed by‘moderate-conflict’ type, then ‘high-conflict’ type, ‘low-conflict’ type, and last ‘full of concerns’ type.更多还原