【作者】 宋子洋； 刘明贤； 甘礼华；

【Author】 Ziyang Song;Mingxian Liu;Lihua Gan;School of Chemical Science and Engineering,Tongji University;

【机构】 同济大学化学科学与工程学院；

【摘要】 花状碳球(FCSs)因其表面结构精巧、内部孔隙发达、杂原子含量丰富、热稳定性良好等优点,可作为理想的超级电容器电极材料[1,2]。本文以聚酰亚胺为聚合物前驱体,采用一种无模板剂的分级组装策略合成了新颖的三维超结构碳球。其暴露于花状结构表面的纳米片有利于充分的碳化和活化处理,导致了所得碳材料具有巨大的比表面积(2057 m2 g-1)、优良的微/介孔结构(集中于0.53、1.28和2-6nm)、以及均匀分布的氮/氧法拉第活性位点。这些特征不仅增强了电极材料的表面润湿性能,改善电解质离子在碳材料孔洞内中的传输与扩散动力学[3],而且赋予碳骨架以高赝电容[4]。FCSs作为超级电容器电极材料时展现了优异的电化学性能,在1 mol L-1 H2SO4电解液中,两电极测试所得电极的比电容高达381 F g-1(扫描速率为5m V s-1)。此外,基于PVA/H2SO4凝胶电解质组装的全固态超级电容器在250 W kg-1的功率密度下产生了高达13.4 Wh kg-1的能量密度。即使在25000 W kg-1的超高功率密度下,该装置仍具有8.1 Wh kg-1的能量密度,表明其具有突出的能量存储能力和优越的倍率性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to exquisite surface geometry,well-developed internal pore structure,abundant heteroatom doping and good thermal stability,flower carbon spheres （FCSs） can be prospective electrode materials for supercapacitor applications.Herein,a 3D carbon superstructure was synthesized with polyimide as the polymer precursor by a novel step-by-step assembly strategy without template agent.The exposed nanosheets in flower-like structure were conducive to adequate carbonization and activation treatment,leading to large specific surface area (2057 m² g^-1),excellent grade micro/mesoporous structure （concentrated at 0.53,1.28 and 2-6 nm）,and uniformly distributed N/O Faraday active sites.These special characteristics not only enhance the surface wettability of electrode materials and improve the transport and diffusion kinetics of electrolyte ions in the internal pore tunnel of carbons^[3],but also endow the carbon skeleton with remarkable pseudocapacitance^[4].FCSs exhibit excellent electrochemical performances as electrodes for supercapacitors.In H₂SO₄electrolyte (1 mol L^-1),the electrode capacity tested is as high as 381 F g^-1 (5 m V s^-1) in a two-electrode cell.Besides,an assembled solid-state supercapacitor based on PVA/H₂SO₄ gel electrolyte yields an ultrahigh energy density up to 13.4 Wh kg^-1 at the power density of 250 W kg^-1.Even at an ultrahigh power output of 25 000 W kg^-1,the device still delivers an energy supply of 8.1Wh kg^-1,indicating outstanding energy storage capacity and superior rate performance.更多还原